Terminologies in Introduction to Pharmacology

Question 1

Pharmacology

Answer 1

The study of drugs focuses on how they impact living things, including their physical and chemical properties as well as their biochemical and physiologic effects.

Question 2

Drugs

Answer 2

• It is a medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body.

-It is anything (apart from food) that is used to cure or relieve the symptoms of an illness or other abnormal state.

Question 3

Chemical Name

Answer 3

a scientific name based on the compound’s chemical structure and is almost never used to identify the drug in a clinical or marketing situation.

Question 4

Generic Name

Answer 4

The official nonproprietary name of a drug, under which it is licensed and identified by the manufacturer.

Question 5

Brand Name

Answer 5

A drug sold by a drug company under a specific name or trademark and that is protected by a patent.

Question 6

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 6

It refers to the movement of drugs inside our body basically referred to as “what the body does to a drug.”

Question 7

Absorption

Answer 7

the transportation of the unmetabolized drug from the site of administration to the body circulation system.

Question 8

Enteral Drug Administration

Answer 8

those in which the drug is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 9

Parenteral Drug Administration

Answer 9

refers to drugs given by routes other than the digestive tract. The term parenteral is usually used for drugs given by injection or infusion.

Question 10

Distribution

Answer 10

the process by which drug passes from the bloodstream to body tissues and organs.

Question 11

Metabolism

Answer 11

describes the chemical reactions that change drugs into compounds which are easier to eliminate. The products of these chemical reactions are called metabolites.

Question 12

Excretion

Answer 12

the process of removing a drug and its metabolites from the body. This usually happens in the kidneys via urine produced in them. Other possible routes include bile, saliva, sweat, tears and feces.

Question 13

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 13

It is a study of how medications or drugs affect the body.

Question 14

Potency

Answer 14

describes the relationship between the drug dose and the magnitude of the effect. High potency induces a strong effect with a low drug dose.

Question 15

Maximal Efficiency

Answer 15

the capacity of a drug to produce a maximum response.

Question 16

Receptor Theory

Answer 16

A drug receptor is a specialized target macromolecule that binds a drug and mediates its pharmacological action.

Question 17

Therapeutic Effect

Answer 17

the response(s) after a treatment of any kind, the results of which are judged to be useful or favorable.

Question 18

Side Effect

Answer 18

An expected medical effect that happens during treatment with a drug or other therapy.

Question 19

Adverse Effect

Answer 19

An unexpected medical problem that happens during treatment with a drug or other therapy.

Question 20

Toxic Effect

Answer 20

general term used to indicate adverse effects produced by poisons.