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Terminologies Flashcards

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1
Q

Nicole conti 1 came during rule of ????

A

He is a Italian ,

Came during Devraya 1

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2
Q

Abdul Razzak ,an Arab came during ?

A

Came during Devraya2

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3
Q

Domingo Poes….came during

A

He is a Portuguese traveller.

Came during Krishnadevaraya.

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4
Q

Duarte barbosee ,another Portuguese came during ?

A

KD Raya

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5
Q

Fernao Nuniz- an Italian came during which famous ruler ?

A

Kd raya.

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6
Q

Veerabadraswami temple located at

A

Lepakshi

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7
Q

Virulaksha temple located at ?

A

Pattadakal

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8
Q

Nayakar system was an innovation of ?..

A

Vijayanagara samrajyam.

Amar nayakars …are military officers given land as salary..
They were Brahmins.
Inspired by iqta system of Delhi sultanate

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9
Q

Kalyanmandaps in temples are there in which part of kingdom ?.

A

Vijayanagara empire

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10
Q

Clash with Bahmani kingdom was over which 3 areas….?

A

Konkan coast.
Tungabadra Doab
Krishna Godavari doab

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11
Q

Who are astapradhan. Of Shivaji ?…

A

Ashtapradhan
o
Council of Ministers, each minister directly responsible to Shivaji
a. Peshwa - finance and gen admin. Later PM
b. Sar-i-Naubar or Senapati
c. Amatya - Accountant General or Majumdar (in bengal => record
keeper)
d. Waqenavis - intelligence, posts
e. Sachiv - Correspondence
f. Sumanta - Master of Ceremonies
g. Nyayadish - Justice
h. Pandit rao - Charities and religious admin

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12
Q

What are taxes under Maratha ?

A
  1. Chauth - military contribution paid to ward off attack of Marathas => on neighbouring territories
  2. Sardeshmukhi - additonal => on neighbouring territories where those areas are considered as hereditory
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13
Q

Shivaji was trained under ?

A

Dadaji kondadev

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14
Q

Who executed 9th Sikh guru Teg Bahadur ?.

A

Battle Of Samugarh-> Aurangzeb killed Dara Sikoh

  1. Used title - Alamgir
  2. Aka Zinda Pir (living Saint)
  3. Executed 9th Guru teg Bahadur
  4. Reimposed Jiziya
  5. Abolished Sati
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15
Q

Who translated Gita into Persian ?…

A

Dara shikov .

He was killed in. Battle of samugarh..

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16
Q

What was actual name of Mumtaz?…

A

Anjuman Bank begum.

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17
Q

Who completely annexed Ahmednagar ?..

A

Shahjahan

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18
Q

Who built Jama Masjid, Red Fort , Peacock Throne ?….

A

Shahjahan….

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19
Q

Who shifted capital from Agra to shahjanabad,Delhi ?

A

Shahjahan

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20
Q

Who was USTAD ISA ?

A

architect of Tazmahal

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21
Q

Francois Bernie’s and Manucci are the travellers under whose rule ?….

A

Shahjahan

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22
Q

Who killed Guru Arjan dev and friend of Akbar ,ABUL FAZAL….?

A

Jahangir .
Guru arjan dev was. A 5th guru.

dvisor)
o
16. Tulsidas lived in Akbar’s period Jehangir (1605-27)
1. Married Mehrunissa (Noor Mahal Noor Jahan)

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23
Q

What was only achievements of Jahangir ?…

A

He annexed Mewar completely,

He permitted British to built factories at Surat and masulipatnam.

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24
Q

Under whose reign ,,,,,Italian traveller PIETA VELLE ?

A

Under rule Jahangir …

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25
Q

Who introduced DU ASPA SI ASPA ?.

A

doubled the Sawar rank of Mansabdar without changing Zat…

By jahangir

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26
Q

Famous painters during Jahangir ?…

A

Ustad Mansurr, Abul Hassan - paintings

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27
Q

Who built Shalimar and Nishant .?

A

Shahjahan

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28
Q

Who translated Mahabharata into Persian ?

A

Abul Fazal.
Friend of Akbar
Part of Navratna of Akbar

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29
Q

Who are navratnas under Akbar ?..

A

Birbal, Todarmal, Tansen (composed Raga Rajdarbari in honour of
Akbar), Maharaja Maan Singh, Abul Fazl (Akbarnama, Ain-i-Akbari), Abul Faizi (translated Mahabharat into Persian - “Razam Namah / Razmanama”) , Abdul Rahim Khan (son of Bairam Khan, Hindi poet), Mulla Do Pyaza & Fakir-Aziao-din (religious advisor)

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30
Q

What is Sui-Kul?…

A

Universal brotherhood concept by Akbar.

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31
Q

Who is Ralph Fitch ?..

A

Famous Englishman in akbars court …

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32
Q

Who created Ibadan khana?…

A

Akbar for religious discussions.

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33
Q

Who are called as Naqvi masabdar ….?..

A

Whenever a mansabdar was paid in cash …

He was called as naqvi mansabdar.

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34
Q

What are 2 components of Mansabdar system ?…

A

Sawar and Zat
Sawars provide horses.

Zats…. It’s for official hierarchy
in this highest rank was 7000.

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35
Q

One Subha was divided into ….?

A

Subha
Sarkar
Parbhana
Mahal

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36
Q

Who introduced Progressive taxation during akbars rule ?

A

Raja todarmal.

Lands were classified into

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37
Q

Who built Fatehpur Sikri ?

A

Akbar.

new capital city near Agra; Buland Darwaza (gateway of
Fatehpur Sikri) -> in memory of capturing Gujarat

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38
Q

What is land revenue system under Akbar ?

A 
10. Land Revenue System under Akbar (Todarmal)
o
o
 3 types-
 ▪ Zabti System ▪ Ghalla-Bakshi ▪ Nasaq
Zabti System (most prevalent)
a. Land measured in bighas by(bamboo jarib system)
b. 4 categories of land-
▪ Polaj - land cultivated every year
▪ Parati-fallowfor1year
▪ Chachar-fallowfor2-3years
▪ Banjar - fallow for longer
o
equipments, animals etc
c. Dahsala System - 10 year assessment to calculate land revenue
d. Farmers could pay in cash or kind
e. Land revenue was "renumeration of soveriegnty", NOT rent
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39
Q

What is decree of Mazhar ?

A

decision of emperor is final in adjudication process

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40
Q

Who was hemu?

A

Hemu (Hem Chandra Vikramaditya) (Oct- Nov 1556)

  1. Adviser of Islam Shah (son of Sher Shah Suri)
  2. 1st Hindu emperor of Delhi in 350 years
  3. Defeated akbar’s forces in Oct => forces retreated => again battle (2nd
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41
Q

Who built city of shergarh?

A

Shershasuru

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42
Q

Who issued first rupiah and Dam ?

A

Shershah Suri.

First to Introduce Shariya Law for judicial purpose
6. Captured Chunar Fort, UP

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43
Q

Diwan I wizarat
Ariz
Rasalat
Insha…..? Are ministers under whose rule?

A

Shershasuri

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44
Q

Muqadama and patta /qabuliat introduced by ?

A

Shershah Suri .
Judicial Dept => Muqadma - to give justice to people
9. Patta/Qabuliyat => written agreement btw govt and peasant => landholding
and tax was finalised - brought peasant closer to state (discouraging Jagir
system)
10. 3 categories of land for tax (good, middle, bad)

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45
Q

Who abolished zamindari system and introduced new land revenue system?

A

Abolished Zamindari system

=> introduced New Land revenue system in India

46
Q

What are the battles fought by Humayun and Shershasuri?

A

1530-40, 55-56)
1. Battles-
a. Battle of Chausa, 1539 (Bihar)- Humayun vs Sher Shah Suri
(afghan ruler) (suri won)
b. Battle of Kannauj, 1540 (UP) - Humayun vs Sher Shah Suri (suri
won)
c. Battle of Macchiwara , 1555 (Punjab) - Humayun vs Sikandar
Shah Suri (humayun won)

47
Q

Who built City of dinpanah?

A

Humayun Built the

city of Dinpanah (world refuge) => for refugees

48
Q

Who built Humayun tomb and wrote Humayun Nama?

A

Humayun’s Tomb - built by wife Hameeda Bano Begum (haji begum)

Humayun Nama - Biograpahy of Humayun by his sister Gulbadan
begum

49
Q

Who wrote Tuzuk I baburi ? , Risal-i-Usaz?..

A

Wrote - “Risal-i-Usaz” (Letters of Babur) by Babur

50
Q

Battles fought by Babur 1526-30

A

Battles -
a. Battle of Panipat, 1526 - Babur+Rana Sanga+Daulatkhan Lodhi +
Mohammud Lodhi vs Ibrahim Lodhi
b. Battle of Khanwa, 1527 - vs Rana Sanga
c. Battle of Chanderi, 1528 (MP) - vs Medini Raja of MP
d. Battle of Ghaghra, 1529 (Bihar)- vs Mohd Lodhi

51
Q

Muskraj …?

A

tax collection department under Delhi administration

52
Q

What is Kohi?

A

Agriculture dept. under Delhi administration

53
Q

What is Insha?

A

Posts and letters dept. under Delhi administration

54
Q

Ariz ?

A

Military dept. related to Delhi administration

55
Q

What are IQTAS under Delhi administration?

A

Revenue assignments => transferrable
2. Iqta governor Iqtadar => aka Muqtis or Walis
3. Not hereditary, did not imply right to land => became heriditary under
Feroz Shah Tughlaq

56
Q

Amin / Amil or mushrif ?

A

Treasurer

57
Q

Qanungo ?.. who are they

A

Qanungo represented the people and received a commission on land revenue. Akbar made him a paid government officer in three different grades. In the sultanate period the khuts and muqaddams changed into chaudhurys of the Mughal period. The term chaudhury dates back to the Sultan, and they were then village headmen

58
Q

Who are

Karkuns?

A

Clerks under Delhi sultanate

59
Q

Who are khuts?

A

small landowners in village Unser Delhi sultanate

60
Q

Who are muqaddams and chaukidars..?

A

Amin Qanungo: Revenue officials. Village. 1. Muqaddam: Headman. 2. Patwari: Accountant. 3. Chowkidar: Watchman

61
Q

What are 4types of taxes in Quran?

A

4 Types of Taxes in Quran
• Jaziya - non-muslim tax -> Firozshah included Brahmins, women and children
too (earlier weren’t)
• first introduced by Qutubbuddin Aibak (not on Brahmins, women and
children)
• Jaziya was removed by Akbar
• Reimposed by Aurangzeb
• •
• Alauddin Khilji reversed => 4/5th to sultan, 1/5th to soldiers
• Khams - 1/5th of booty capture during war

62
Q

Who founded Agra in 1506 ?

A

Sikandar lodi

63
Q

Who is Barid I mumalik?

A

head of intelligence dept under Lodhi.

64
Q

Who built shifa khana ? “Dar-ul-Shifa

A

Feroz shah tuqlaq

65
Q

What is Haq I shrib?

A

Haq-i-Shirb => 10% tax on irrigation

66
Q

Yateem khana!?

A

Built Yateem-Khana - widow home

By Ferozeshah tuqlaq

67
Q

Who also setup marriage and employment bureau ?

A

Feroz shah tuqlaq

68
Q

What is Haq I shrib ?

A

10% tax on irrigation

69
Q

What is Vajeha?

A

Soldiers were not paid in cash, but by land revenue of villages
(Vajeha)

70
Q

What’s the religious policy of ferozshashtuqlaq?

A

Jaziya collection . From Brahmins also

Allowed free run of ULEMA

c. Attacked hindu temples
d. Banned female entry into sufi shrines
e. Brahmahatya

71
Q

What are Ghari and charahi?

A

House tax and pasture tax

72
Q

Who introduced taqqavi and Saundar?

A

Loans to farmers.

Under md bin tuqlaq

73
Q

Diwan I kohi started by ?

A

Md bin tuqlaq.

Dept of agri

74
Q

Rihla wrote about ?

A

Md bin tuqlaq

75
Q

Rihla?

A

Wrote about tuqlaq reign

76
Q

Nizamuddin Auliya was comtemporary of .?

A

Giyasuddin tuqlaq

77
Q

Who controlled Siri fort?

A

Alauddin Khalji

78
Q

Amir Khusrau was court poet of ?

A

Alauddin khalji.

79
Q

Who is the originator of Khayal and Tarana ?

A

Originator of Khayal & Tarana styles of music => Father of Qawwali is AMIR KHUSROE

80
Q

Who Controlled Umrah ?

A

Alauddin khalji

Controlled Umrah -> separated religion from politics

81
Q

What are Hulliya , chehra, Dagh system?

A

Under Alauddin khalji.

Permanent standing army in Delhi
Dagh system
Hooliya/Chehra
Army

82
Q

Who is the first sultan to start measurement of land ?

A

Alauddin khalji measured land and fixed share of state

83
Q

What are SARA I ADAL ?

A

Goods sold in open market .

Under Alauddin khalji

84
Q

Who introduced Sajida,paibos, Diwan I ariz ? And assumed Zill -e illahi ?

A 
Ghiyasuddin Balban (1266-86)
  o o
3. Assumed
4. Appointed Spies
5. -> nobody can oppose king
6.
7. Non expansionary rule - just consolidation
8. Introduced 1 (Iranian New Year) as the only festival
9. Estd Military dept - Diwan-i-Arz
85
Q

Who patronised Minaj us Siraj?..

A

Iltutmish..patronised Minhaj-us-Siraj - wrote “Tabaqat-i-Nasiri”

86
Q

Who introduced tanka and jital..?

A

Iltutmish,…

Saved Delhi sultanate from wrath of Genghis Khan by refusing shelter to Khawarizm
Shah

• Introduced new coinage in India = Tanka - Silver, Jital - Copper

87
Q

Who introduced Iqtadari system ? And who made Delhi capital ?. Who appointed turqani chahalqani nobles and who abolished them.

A

Tuqani chahalgani introduced by Iltutmish …but removed by Balban…

Iltutmish made delhi capital..in place of Lahore .

Introduced -non-hereditary(military+revenue).

88
Q

Under Iqtadari system introduced by Iltutmish , who are incharge of What units ?

A

Iqta- iqtadar
Shiq- shiqdar I shiqdaran
Pargana- shiqdar
Gaon-chowdary….

But

Khalisa Land - direct control of Sultan
• Iqta Land - military officers (Iqtadars)
• Inam Land - assigned to religious leaders

89
Q

What is Majlish I Khalwat?

A

Cabinet . Under iltutmish

90
Q

What is Meer I insha ?

A

Correspondence and letters (MEA) under Iltutmish

91
Q

Meer I arz ?

A

Army admin under iltutmish

92
Q

Sadar us Sudur..?

A
  • head of charities + religious endowment to madrasas

Under Iltutmish administration

93
Q

Who constructed ADHAI DIN KA JHOPDA ,Ajmer ?

A

Qutubbuddin aibak..

He also constructed Quwat-us-Islam ,Delhi

94
Q

What about qutub minar?

A

Qutub Minar,(Mehrauli) -
• Basement by Qutubuddin Aibak, 3 floors by Iltutmish, 4-5th floor by Feroz Shah Tughlaq
• Alai Darwaza added by Alauddin Khilji in Qutub complex,mehrauli
• First Indian monument to be made by Islamic methods of construction
• After Sufi saint Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki

95
Q

Who are Hasan in Nizami and fakeuddin ?

A

Qutub Uddin aibak is the Patron of writers -
• Hasan-un-Nizami - wrote “Taj-ul-Massir”
• Fakhruddin - wrote “Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi”

96
Q

Who wrote Taj up masir ?

A

Hasan in nizami

97
Q

Who wrote Tarik I Mubarak shah?

A

Fakhruddin - wrote “Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi”…

Under qutubuddin aibak

98
Q

Summary of Delhi sultanate?

A 
Delhi Sultanate Summary
o
o
o
o
o
• DELHI SULTANATE
o
Rishabh Kumar Rewar – AIR 104, CSE 2020
Jayant & Rishabh UPSC CSE Notes and Strategy - https://t.me/jayantrishabh
 Iltutmish -
▪ Madedelhicapital
▪ EstdChalisa
▪ Iqta system
▪ Coins - Tanka (silver), Jital (copper)
Balban
▪ Broke chalisa power
▪ EstdDiwan-i-arz
▪ Nowroz
▪ Sajda, Paibos
Alauddin Khilji
▪ Standingarmy=>paidsalaryincash
▪ Dagh&Hooliyasystem
▪ First to start measurement of land
▪ Market check & spies
▪ Amir Khusro
Mohd bin Tughlaq -
▪ Ibn-e-Batuta
▪ Diwan-i-Kohi - agri dept
▪ Sondhar & Takkavi - agri loans
Firoz Shah Tughlaq -
▪ MadeIqtahereditary
▪ Soldiers paid by land (Not cash)
▪ Extended jiziya to brahman & women
▪ Ziauddin Barani - Tarikh-i-firozeshahi, Fatwa-i-Jahandari
99
Q

Diwan I wizarat was started by ?

A

Iltutmish

Finance

100
Q

Diwan I arz was started by ?

A

Balban ..

Army

101
Q

Diwan I riyasat and mushkaraj was started by

A

Alauddin khalji…

Check on market and revenue collection.

102
Q

Diwan I kohi was started by

A

Md.bin tuqlaq

Agra dept

103
Q

Diwan I Khairyat was started by ?

A

Feroz shahs tuqlaq…

Marriage of poor girls charity

104
Q

Diwan I bandagan was started by ?

A

Feroz shah tuqlaq.

Employment of bureaus

105
Q

Diwan I istikaka was started by ?

A

Feroz shahs tuqlaq….

Old age pension

106
Q

Barid I Mamulik?

was started by

A

Sikandar Lodi.

Intelligence officer

107
Q

Who is Kazi?

A

Judicial officer.

108
Q

Who founded QUILA RAI PITHORA ?

A

PRC founded Quila Rai Pithora (First foundational city of Delhi]

109
Q

What are works of Al biruni ? He is under Md. of ghazni

A

Albiruni 11th century) - founder of Indology, studied Brahmanas, translated Euclid’s work into Sanskrit etc
• Tehqeeq-i-Hind - religious, literary and scientific traditions of India
• Kitab-ul-Hind - Arabic language, social life, weights and measures, each chapter begins with a question

110
Q

Who wrote Shah nama?

A

Firdousi

111
Q

Who sent Mansur tribe to Khalifa turkey ?

A

Iltutmish.

Medieval history (4 decks)

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