Terminiology Flashcards
echopraxia
pathological imitation of movements of one person by another
cataLEPSY
general term for an immobile position that is constantly maintained
cataPLEXY
temporary loss of muscle tone and weakness precipitated by variety of emotional states
catatonic stupor
markedly slowed motor activity, often to a point of immobility and seeming unawareness of surroundings
waxy flexibility
condition of a person who can be molded into a position that is then maintained; when the examiner moves the person’s limb, the limb feels that it is made of wax
stereotypy
repetitive fixed pattern of physical action or speech
psychomotor AGITATION
EXCESSIVE motor and cognitive OVERACTIVITY, usually nonproductive and in response to internal tension
psychomotor RETARDATION
DECREASED motor and cognitive activity, visible SLOWING of thought, speech, and movement
akathisia
subjective feeling of muscular tension- side effect to antipsychotic or other medicaiton, which can cause restlesness, pacing, repeated sitting and standing; can be mistaken for agitation
dyskinesia
difficulty in performing voluntary movements, as in extrapyramidal disorders
bradykinesia
slowness of motor activity with a decrease in normal spontaneous movement
chorea
random and involuntary, quick, jerky, purposeless movements
CHOREANS LIKE TO POP AND LOCK
dystonia
slow, sustained contraction of the trunk or limbs; seen in medication induced dystonia
mood
a pervasive and sustained emotion, subjectively experienced and reported by the patient and observed by others; examples include depression, elation, anger
labile mood
(mood swings) oscillations between euphoria, depression, or anxiety
depression
pathological feeling of sadness
alexithymia
a person’s difficulty in describing or being aware of emotions or mood
ALEX IS A CONFUSED CHICK WHO CAN’T EXPLAIN HER EMOTIONS
affect
the observed expression of emotion, possibly inconsistent with the patient’s description of the emotion
appropriate affect
emotional tone is in harmony with the accompanying idea, thought, or speech
inappropriate affect
disharmony between emotional feeling and hte ideas accompanying it
restricted/constricted affect
reduction in the intensity of externalized feeling tone
blunted affect
disturbance in affect manifested by a severe reduction in the intensity/feeling tone
flat affect
absence/near absence of any signs of affect (voice monotonous, face immobile)
constricted > blunted > flat
speech
ideas, thoughts, feelings as expressed through language; communication through the use of words and language
pressured speech
rapid speech that’s increased in amount and difficult to interrupt (THINK X)
perception
process of transferring physical stimulation into psychological info; mental process by which sensory stimuli are brought into awareness
hallucination
false sensory perception NOT associated with REAL external stimuli; there may or may not be a delusional interpretation of the hallucinatory experience
mood congruent hallucination
where content is consistent with either a manic or depressed mood; (e.g the manic patient would hear voices saying the patient is of inflated worth, power, and knowledge)
mood incongruent hallucination
where content is inconsistent with either depressed/manic mood
command hallucination
false perception of orders that a person may feel obliged to obey or unable to resist (often DANGEROUS
illusion
misperception or misinterpretation of REAL external sensory stimuli
dissociation
defense mechanism; segregation of mental or behavioral processes form the rest of the person’s psychic activity
thoughts
the goal directed flow of ideas, symbols, and associations initiated by a problem oro task and leading toward a reality oriented conclusion
circusmtantiality
indirect speech that is delayed in reaching hte point but eventually gets form original point to the desired goal characterized by an over inclusion of details and parenthetical remarks
tangentiality
inability to have a goal directed associations of thought; speaker never gets fro desired point to desired goal
perseveration
persisting response to a previous stimulus after a new stimulus has been presented; often associated with cognitive disorders
loosening of associations
flow of thought in which ideas shift form one subject to another in a completely unrelated way; when sever, speech may be incoherent
flight of ideas
rapid, continuous verbalization or plays on words produce constant shifting from one idea to another; ideas tend to be connected but too fast for the listener to comprehend
obsession
pathological persistence of thought; can’t eliminate consciously; associated with anxiety
compulsion
pathological need to act on an imipulse that, if resisted, produces anxiety; repetitive behavior in response to an obsession or performed according to certain rules
delusion
a fixed false belief, based on incorrect inference about external reality, not consistent with the patient’s intelligence and cultural background, cannot be corrected by reasoning
amnesia
partial or total inability to recall past experiences; may be medical or emotional in origin
anterograde
can’t remember things AFTER a point in time
retrograde
can’t remember things BEFORE a point in time
