TERM TWO Maori Society Flashcards

1
Q

What are atua and why are they important to Maori society ?

A

Gods

Maori very spiritual people- the believe in the power of the spirits and the power of the gods

The landscape is believed to be the work of many ATUA

The land holds the spirits of gods and the spirits of ancestors

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2
Q

What are creation stories or myths

A

Stories that explain the origin of the world

Myth about how the world began

Main characters were usually Gods Demi gods and supernatural humans and creatures like TANIWHA

Passed from generation to generations beliefs and stories of the past

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3
Q

How do Maori think the world began?

A

IO MATUA was a god that lived the unit twelve heavens and created the first gods

Maori believe all their people descended from the first gods

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4
Q

Who were the first two great gods created by IO MATUA?

A

Ranginui - great father of the heavens

Papatuanuku - mother of the earth

Their children became the gods of the forests oceans and land

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5
Q

What do Maori call the north island

A

Te Ika a Maui

The great fish of Maui

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6
Q

How did the north island come to be according to Maori myth?

A

Demi God Maui

He was fishing and he pulled up the North island from the sea

The great fish of maui
Te Ika a Maui

He used his grandmothers enchanted jawbone as a hook

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7
Q

What do the Maori call the South Island

A

Te waka a Maui

The canoe of Demi god Maui

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8
Q

How do the Maori explain the seasons?

A

By a myth that Maui captured the sun to stop it from passing across the sky to quickly

he asked the sun to slow down but it wouldn’t

He used a mighty rope made of HARAKEKE and caught the sun and pulled to slow it down - it didn’t work

He used a PATU (weapon held in hand for beating things) and beat the sun until it agreed and crossed the sky more slowly

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9
Q

What does the myth about Maui catching the sun with rope show?

A

Explains the seasons

shows the importance ofharakeke for rope making

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10
Q

Why was it important for Maui to make the sun to create longer days?

A

So that important crops could grow like flax hahakeke and fern root (aruhe)

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11
Q

What does waka mean?

A

Means Canoe

These were large waka that Carried people to New Zealand

They were wooden and had carvings

Ariki was the name of the high cheif of the waka

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12
Q

Name two famous waka

A

Arawa - landed at Bay Of aplenty

Tainui - landed near Auckland

When people arrived in waka they named the land they explored

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13
Q

What does IWI mean?

A

Literally means bones

It is like a tribe. All the people that are descended from the same ancestor

People identify with the land around their tribal area
The TANGATA WHENUA

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14
Q

What does hapu mean

A

Literally means pregnant

A small tribal group made up of several whanau who live together
Like a sun tribe - a small part of the IWI

HAPU would be 200-300 people

Usually have the same whakapapa - blood line form their mother or father

Hapu share crops and hunt together

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15
Q

What is the leader of a hapu called

A

A chief or RANGATIRA

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16
Q

What does whanau mean?

A

Literally means TO BE BORN

Means extended family

Up to 30 people across 3 generations

Live together and dependant in each other
Led by their oldest wisest member
Each person has a special skill - fishing weaving cooking

handing down Knowledge and skills to younger members

17
Q

Name three important things in the Maori view of the world ?

A

Spirituality was strong

They had links to the land

Memories and stories were precious and important to treasure and to share with their people

18
Q

What is NOA and TAPU

A

NOA -ordinary or normal

TAPU - sacred or forbidden

19
Q

How do NOA and TAPA matter in Maori life?

A

NOA means ordinary freedoms of life

TAPU means restrictions that are placed over an area or a person

If an area is tapu (like the sea after someone dies at a beach) then it can be lifted with a ritual called a WHAKANOA

These are the rules and regulations of Maori life

20
Q

Facts about TE MOKO

A

A tattoo carved in skin

Worn with pride

Patterns unique to their hapu- tells the story of that person

Both men and women could have Te MOKO - but only women of high rank

Men has to be a warrior to have a MOLO

21
Q

How did Maori store their food

A

In PATAKA

Building on stilts made of reeds to keep off the ground

22
Q

What food did Maori eat

A

Kumara

Fern root - ARUHE

Fish

Meat

Seeds berries Te.

23
Q

How did Maori cook their food

A

In a hangi or UMU - oven in the ground

24
Q

Facts about BIRTH

A

Mother and child TAPU for a week- father only could lift the TAPU with a ceremony using fern root to get back to NOA

Had feast in ovens in ground called UMU

Separate small oven for only the mothers food

Gifts to the family

Baby sprinkled in water

After birth was buried WHENUA

25
Q

FACTS About death

A

Lots of ceremony and tapu when they dies

Cloak wrapped around them and knees tied up

Dead person sat in state for a few days TANGI while people visited day and night

Women cut selves with shells

26
Q

Facts about marriage

A

Showed like someone by scratching their back
Meet at meetings and dancing

Met with families HAPU to get approved to be married

Married within a HAPU but no first cousins

Ceremony only if high rank with large feast