Term 3 Flashcards
Socialization
The process by which people learn to function in social life and become aware of themselves as they interact with others
Role
The behaviour expected of a person occupying a particular position in society
Self
Consist of your ideas and attitudes about who you are as an independent being
The “I”
According to Mead, is the subjective and impulsive aspect of the “self” that is present from birth
The “Me”
According to mead, is the objective component of the self that emerges as people communicate symbolically and learn to take the role of the other
Significant others
People who play important roles in the early socialization experiences of children
Generalized other
According to Mead, is a person’s image of cultural standards and how they apply to him or her.
How cultural standards are used by others to assess oneself (how one is viewed by “the other”)
Life course
Refers to the distinct phases of life through which people pass.
These stages vary from one society and historical period to another
Rites of passage
Cultural ceremonies that mark the transition from one stage of life to another
Ex) wedding, baptism, graduation
Age cohort
A category of people born in the same range of years
Age roles
Norms and expectations about the behaviour of people in different age cohorts
Generation
An age cohort that shares unique formative experiences during the first few decades of life, which helped to shape a collective identity and set of values.
Social environment
A persons social environment is composed of real or imagined others to whom the person is connected
Adaptation
The process of changing our actions to maximize the degree to which an environment satisfies our needs and interests
Primary socialization
The process of acquiring the basic skills needed to function in society during childhood.
(usually takes place in a family setting)
Gender roles
The set of behaviours associated with widely shared expectations about how males and females are supposed to act.
Secondary socialization
Socialization outside of the family after childhood.
(Such as school)
Hidden curriculum
Involves teaching obedience to authority and conformity to cultural norms
Thomas theorem
“Situations we define as real become real in their consequences.”
Ex) a child believes there is a monster under his bed therefore the perceived reality of it keeps him up at night.
Self-fulfilling prophecy
An expectation that helps bring about what it predicts
Peer group
Comprised of people who are about the same age and have similar status.
A peer group acts as an agent of socialization.
Status
Refers to recognized social position and individual can occupy
Organizations
Collectivities characterized by social structure that encourages patterns in individual action
Ex) classrooms
Norms
Generally accepted ways of doing things