Term 2 Science Flashcards
What is Asexual reproduction?
Is the creation of new individuals whose genes all come from one parent. The offspring are therefor all genetically identical
What is Binary Fission?
The simple cell duplicates all the essential parts of the cell before dividing into two daughter cells
What is budding offspring?
The offspring forms as a bud on the side of the parent organism
What are spores?
Some fungi have spores that when released, may develop into offspring identical to the parent fungi
What is vegetative propagation?
The non-sexual parts of the plant are used to develop new individuals of the same type
What is regeneration?
Organisms can regrow replacement body parts. Starfish can completely regenerate replacement limbs
What is parthenogenesis?
In some animals, the female produces eggs, but they develop into embryos without fertilisation
What is sexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves the fertilisation - the fusion of gametes (sex cells) from two parents
What are the benefits of Asexual reproduction?
For organisms living in isolation, it allows production of offspring without locating mates. Can create a lot of offspring in a short amount of time.
What are the negatives of Asexual reproduction?
Limited genetic diversity within the offspring’s as they are clones. If the parent has a genetic disease, offspring does as well
What are the negatives of sexual reproduction?
Requires two organisms, requires more energy to find a mate and raise the offspring
What are the benefits of sexual reproduction?
Genetic diversity - species are able to better survive if the environment changes or if their is a disease
