TERM 2 - Energy Flashcards
To prepare for Term 2's science exam.
What’s amplitude?
The distance between the wave peak and the point of equilibrium. (fancy term for the line that’s halfway through the waves)
What is energy?
Energy is the capacity to do work.
What is potential energy?
Energy which is stored - that hasn’t been used.
What is kinetic energy?
Energy is use.
Joules (J) are…
a measurement of energy.
What is the formula for GPE?
GPE = (Mass) x (Gravitational Force) x (Height)
What does the law of conservation of energy state?
That energy cannot be created or destroyed - that the amount of energy available is set in stone.
You don’t need to remember this but:
Fun fact - the Law of Conservation of energy either means that there’s a set amount of energy in the universe OR there’s an infinite amount of energy in the universe.
What type of energy always happens as a by-product of an energy transfer?
Heat energy
What is the difference between useful and wasted energy?
Wasted energy is energy which escapes an energy transformation where it is no longer energy useful for the energy transformation.
What is energy efficiency?
Either of these are fine:
A) A measure of the amount of energy kept in an energy transformation.
B) A process where little energy is lost.
What is the formula for energy efficiency?
Energy Efficiency = (useful energy) / (input energy)
What does heat energy do when there’s an object in its vicinity with a lower temperature?
It transfers to that object.
What are the three methods of heat transfer?
Conduction, convection and radiation.
What is conduction?
Where heat flows from a hotter substance to a colder substance.
What is convection?
A process where a colder fluid sinks below a warmer fluid, resulting in heat transfer.
What is radiation?
A energy transfer method where an object absorbs heat energy in the form of light.
What does incandescent describe?
An object that emits light as a result of heat.
What does bioluminescent mean?
An organism which naturally produces light of its own.
What does frequency mean?
The amount of waves in a set distance. (waves with longer wavelength have less frequency)
What does wavelength mean?
The distance between two amplitudes which are beside each other.
What does pitch mean?
Describes the frequency, so a high pitch is a high frequency.
What do the terms compressions and rarefactions mean?
They refer to parts of a substance sound waves are travelling through. Denser parts are called compressions and less dense parts are called rarefactions.
What are the five forms of potential energy?
Chemical, Elastic, Gravitational, Electrical and Nuclear.
What are the three subcategories of kinetic energy?
Vibrational, Rotational and Translational
