TERM 1 - Reproduction

Question 1

What is the vas deferens?

Answer 1

The duct that conveys sperm from the testicle to the urethra.

Question 2

What is the urethra?

Answer 2

The tube that carries urine and semen from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Question 3

What are the testes?

Answer 3

Male sex gland - produces testosterone in which a large number of sperm are produced.

Question 4

What is the epididymis?

Answer 4

A long, coiled duct on the outside of the testis in which sperm mature.

Question 5

What are the seminal vesicles?

Answer 5

A gland that creates the fluid in semen.

Question 6

What is the ejaculatory duct?

Answer 6

Joining of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle duct that opens into the urethra.

Question 7

What is the prostate gland?

Answer 7

A gland that secretes nutrients and fluids for sperm.

Question 8

What are the fallopian tubes?

Answer 8

Passageways that carry ova from the ovaries to the uterus.

Question 9

What is the uterus/womb?

Answer 9

Female organ of reproduction used to house the developing fetus.

Question 10

What is the cervix?

Answer 10

The opening to the uterus

Question 11

Which hormone stimulates the ovaries to produce eggs?

Answer 11

FSH or Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

Question 12

What two hormone levels increase to thicken the lining of the womb?

Answer 12

Estrogen and Progesterone

Question 13

What chemical surges to rupture the dominant follicle or in other words release the egg?

Answer 13

LH

Question 14

How many chromosomes are there in a each gamete?

Answer 14

23

Question 15

What does the brain’s pituitary gland produce at the beginning of the cycle?

Answer 15

FSH or Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

Question 16

When you ovulate, what is created?

Answer 16

Corpus Luteum

Question 17

What does the Corpus Luteum produce?

Answer 17

Progesterone

Question 18

Where does the Corpus Luteum form?

Answer 18

In the ovulated follicle.

Question 19

As the empty follicle that the egg came out of begins to shrink, and the egg is not fertilized, what happens?

Answer 19

A decrease in estrogen and progesterone, which means the thick womb lining breaks down and comes out as blood, starting your period.

Question 20

What’s a zygote?

Answer 20

fertilized egg

Question 21

What is anisogamy?

Answer 21

Where the gametes come from two different individuals

Question 22

Advantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 22

Creates a organism which has different genes

Question 23

Disadvantages of sexual reproduction?

Answer 23

Requires two parents, genetic variation, more energy, less offspring.

Question 24

What are the advantages of asexual reproduction?

Answer 24

One parent needed, rapid population growth, low resource investment.

Question 25

What is binary fission?

Answer 25

A form of asexual reproduction in which the parent divides into two parts.

Question 26

What is parthenogenesis?

Answer 26

Where an unfertilized egg develops.

Question 27

What are all the types of asexual reproduction?

Answer 27

Binary fission, budding, vegetative propagation, sporogenesis, fragmentation, parthenogenesis

Question 28

What happens in the first trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 28

Outer layer of the embryo merges with the endometrium and the placenta forms.

Question 29

What happens in the second trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 29

Placenta takes over functions from the corpus luteum.

Question 30

What happens in the third trimester?

Answer 30

The fetus growth accelerates.

Question 31

What is IVF?

Answer 31

Artificial fertilization of a human egg.

Question 32

What is gestation?

Answer 32

The development period between the fertilization of the egg and birth.

Question 33

What is the function of the Cowper's gland?

Answer 33

To release a fluid that reduces the acidity of the female reproductive system for sperm travelling. It is located at the base of the penis in a series of small glands.

Question 34

What does the hypothalamus do and where is it located?

Answer 34

It's a gland located at the bottom of the brain that releases GnRH to stimulate the anterior pituitary gland.

Question 35

What are the pituitary glands, what do they produce and what are they powered by?

Answer 35

The anterior pituitary glands are glands that are located underneath the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus creates GnRH to power the anterior pituitary gland, which in turn produces LH and FSH for different organs.

Question 36

What is Estrogen processed by and what is its function?

Answer 36

Estrogen is a female sex hormone produced by the ovaries (mainly) and controls physical and some emotional development. e.g. Breast development, pubic hair etc.

Question 37

What does progesterone do?

Answer 37

Progesterone strengthens the endometrium lining in a women's uterus and prepares the female body for pregnancy.