TERM 1 - Living Organisms Flashcards
1
Q
Plants
A
- Has many chromosomes in a nucleus
- Makes its own food
- Multicellular
- Eukaryotic
- Has cell walls
- Has a cellulose cell wall
2
Q
Animals
A
- Has many chromosomes in a nucleus
- Human
- Eats to get energy
- Multicellular
- Eukaryotic
- Reproduces using sperm and eggs
- Has no cell wall
3
Q
Bacteria
A
- Contains one circular chromosome
- Lactobacillus
- Decomposes dead things
- Unicellular
- Prokaryotic
- Have cell walls
4
Q
Virus
A
- Contains a few genes
- HIV
- Parasite ( always )
- Not made of true cells
- Particles
- Has a protein coat
- No cytoplasm
- No cell membrane
- Doesn’t do 8 characteristics of living organisms
5
Q
Protoctists
A
- Has many chromosomes in a nucleus
- Amoeba
- Plasmodium
- Some eat, some photosynthesise, some cause disease
- Unicellular
- Eukaryotic
- Some have cell wall
6
Q
Fungi
A
- Has many chromosomes in a nucleus
- Mucor
- Causes diseases
- Multicellular
- Eukaryotic
- Has cell walls
7
Q
Eukaryotic
A
Have nucleus, have membrane ground around organelles
8
Q
3 ways substances move in and out of cells
A
- Diffusion
- Osmosis
- Active transport
9
Q
Diffusion
A
- Diffusion is the movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration
- It happens in liquids and gases
10
Q
Osmosis
A
IS ONLY ABOUT WATER
- Osmosis is the diffusion of water from a high concentration of water to a low concentration of water across a selectively permeable membrane
- HIGH CONCENTRATION OF WATER : weak solution
- LOW CONCENTRATION OF WATER : strong solution
11
Q
Active transport
A
Active transport is the movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration against the concentration gradient using ATP energy
12
Q
ATP
A
- ATP is a small packet of chemical energy made by respiration of glucose. ATP gets moved around a cell.
- aerobic respiration: in mitochondria
- anaerobic respiration : cytoplasm
13
Q
Level of organisation in living organisms
A
- Organelles: structures in cells
- Cells: is the basic unit of life
- Tissues: cells of similar function grouped as tissue
- Organs: collection of tissues doing a particular function is an organ
14
Q
Cell structure
A
- Nucleus: contains all the genetic information for the cell and controls all the cell’s function
- Cell membrane: forms the outside of the cell and acts as a barrier, controlling the transfer of materials into and out of the cell
- Cytoplasm: is where most chemical processes take place. These are controlled by enzymes
- Chloroplast: stores extra water and sap to help keep the cell turgid and give it extra support
- Cell wall: rigid and made of cellulose and gives the cell shape and strength
15
Q
Characteristics of living organisms: MRS GREN + 1
A
M - movement R - respiration S - sensitivity G - growth + develop R - reproduction E - excretion N - nutrition EXTRA +1 - Control internal conditions
