Term 1 End of Topic-States of Matter Flashcards
Solid particle arrangement
Packed neatly and tightly together in a regular pattern due to attractive forces
Solid particle movement
Held together too tightly for the particles to change places but can vibrate
Solid particle energy
Lowest amount of energy of the states of matter
Liquid particle arrangement
The particles in a liquid are loosely arranged which means they do not have a fixed shape like solids, but they rather take the shape of the container they are in
Liquid particle movement
In liquids, particles are quite close together and move with random motion throughout the container. Particles move rapidly in all directions but collide with each other more frequently than in gases due to shorter distances between particles.
Liquid particle energy
The speed at which the particles move around inside the liquid depends on the energy of the particles.
Gas particle arrangement
Well separated with no regular arrangement
Gas particle movement
The particles in a gas are moving very quickly in random directions
Gas particle energy
Greatest amount of energy amongst the particles
Interconversion
Name for state of matter changes
Melting (Solid to Liquid)
When the molecules of a solid are heated enough and speed up enough that the motion overcomes the attractions so that the molecules can move past each other as a liquid.
Evaporation (Liquid to Gas)
The liquid is heated and the particles gain heat energy and move quicker. This keeps happening until the particles on the surface break free as a gas
Condensation (Gas to Liquid)
Reverse of evaporation
Freezing (Liquid to Solid)
The liquid is cooled and the heat it had is used to repair the bonds to liquid???
Effect of impurities on melting and boiling point on a solid.
The more impurities there are the lower the melting point of the solid