term 1

Question 1

what is anthropology?

Answer 1

the study of overall humainty, including our similaities diffrences and history.

Question 2

what are the 5 subdisiplens of anthropology?

Answer 2

boiological, linguistic, cultural, applied and archiology

Question 3

what catagory of reserch does anthropology typiicly follow?

Answer 3

discriptive- i.e leaving judgment out of the equasion, discribing only what you see

Question 4

define phycic unity

Answer 4

all humans have shared basic set of emotional and intulectual capasitys

Question 5

define plasticity

Answer 5

all humans can learn and engage in any culture or language

Question 6

define holism

Answer 6

humans cannot be defined by looking at a single aspect. we must look at everything as a whole in order to fully understand

Question 7

define comparism

Answer 7

to compare similarites and diffrences. of anything.

Question 8

what is and what takes place during fieldwork

Answer 8

feildwork is an immersive resarch techquine, collecting data from diffrent sites and in diffrent ways.

travel, interveiws and excivations

Question 9

what is a normative discription?

Answer 9

the way things OUGHT to be

Question 10

what is a discriptive statement?

Answer 10

the way things are, regardless of personal feelings

Question 11

define ethnocentrasim

Answer 11

the tendancy to veiw ones culture as superior, natural, correct.

Question 12

define cultural relitavism

Answer 12

to understand ones culture withholding bias or comparison to your own

Question 13

difine culture

Answer 13

a set of beleifs, practices and symbols

Question 14

what are some charecteristics of culture?

Answer 14

culture is learned
you can choose wether to participate in it
humaity is most relient on it
it is dynamic (constantly changing)

Question 15

define enculturation

Answer 15

the prosses in witch we learn culture from active participants.

Question 16

how does culture differ from insticnt?

Answer 16

it is not somthing your born with. there are multiple cultures and even the one you confrom to is dynamic

Question 17

define deffusion

Answer 17

the spread of ideas from one culture to another ( through the internet, geography, trade , colonization)

Question 18

define agency

Answer 18

• humans can chose wether they want to participate in culture or not. somthing with agency may be refferd to as agent

Question 19

define institution

Answer 19

subduing to social constructs that organize life. (economic, legal and educational) help regulate people

Question 20

define symbols and why they are important

Answer 20

somthing that stands for somthing else. basis of communication and making sence of things

Question 21

define biocuktural organisms

Answer 21

humans- human biology and culture are intertwined ( food

Question 22

define ethnographic resarch/ethnograohy

Answer 22

observation, survays, interveiw. ethnography- discription and interpretation

Question 23

what is problem oriented resarch

Answer 23

establishing a specific question beforehand, along with the metods and theory

Question 24

define emic and etic

Answer 24

emic is the insider perspective (the person being learned from)

etic the outsider perspective ( explination of behaviour)

Question 25

define defarmiliarization

Answer 25

to defarmiliarize yourslef of all conspets basic or not

Question 26

define qualitative data

Answer 26

non numerical, smaller scale, more personal, testamonis and open ended questions

Question 27

quantitiative data

Answer 27

larger spectrum, numerical, surveys

Question 28

what are the 5 main ethical rules followed in anthropological studys

Answer 28

- do no harm - be open and honest - obtain informed consent - protext subjects of study - make your results accecable

Question 29

define language

Answer 29

arbitrary system of sounds,gestures and charecters assinged meaning by diffrent comunitys.

Question 30

what parts of language are universal?

Answer 30

all language is capable of expresing the same things constantly changing they all follow basic grammatical catagoriez they all require order

Question 31

what are the biological basics that make language possible

Answer 31

vocal tract structure brain primed for language critical age range hypothisis

Question 32

what distincts human language from other primates

Answer 32

ability to express the same thing in diffrent ways arbitrarrines- no compleate link between sound and meaning (sounds can mean diffrent things dependant on the language) displacment- the discusion of things past, present , future and non existant

Question 33

what are the units of language

Answer 33

phonemes and morphemes

Question 34

difine the units of langueg

Answer 34

phonemes- minimal units of sound morphemes- minimal units of meaning (ing, anti, pro)

Question 35

how are culture and language related

Answer 35

language is a big way in witch culture is expressed enables communication of expected behavious holds culturally held assumptions

Question 36

how might language affect the way we think

Answer 36

if we are unable to discribe things in the same way whos to say we are seeing the same thing?

Question 37

what is speech community

Answer 37

a group of people who interact through speech united by what they deem normalitys

Question 38

difine standard form of language

Answer 38

codified form of speech, often prestigous and complex

Question 39

how is language influenced by gender and class

Answer 39

gender; pitch, social norms, adding or subtracting words class; distinct, more "classy" and highly regarded.

Question 40

linguistic inequallity and its causes

Answer 40

power diffrences , using diction as intimidation or in derogitory ways towards the speaker themselfs. personal bias my lable some languages as lesser.

Question 41

how are languages related to eachother

Answer 41

through photo-languages (familys of languages that developed from eachother) they shre some basic structure,vocab and grammer

Question 42

why do languages change?

Answer 42

liguistic development through borrowing, creating and assigning new meaning to exsiting words

Question 43

what does two languages comming into contact create ?

Answer 43

pidgen languages/ crole, new vocabulary added to existing ones, exposure develops language

Question 44

what govens language contact?

Answer 44

the broad use of a specific language, colonization, attempts to communicate