Teratogens Flashcards
What effect do ACE inhibitors have on the fetus?
renal damage
What effect do alkylating agents have on the fetus?
absence of digits
multiple anomalies
What effect do aminoglycosides have on the fetus?
CN 8 tox
“A mean guy hit the baby in the ear”
What effect does carbamazepine have on the fetus?
neural tube defects craniofacial defects fingernail hypoplasia devel. delay IUGR
What effect does DES have on the fetus?
vaginal clear cell carcinoma
congenital Mullerian anomalies
What effect do folate antagonists have on the fetus?
neural tube defects
What effect does lithium have on the fetus?
Ebstein anomaly (atrialized R ventricle)
What effect does methimazole have on the fetus?
aplasia cutis congentia
What effect does phenytoin have on the fetus?
fetal hydantoin syndrome = microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges, cardiac defects, IUGR, intellectual disability
What effect do tetracyclines have on the fetus?
discolored teeth
What effect does thalidomide have on the fetus?
limb defects (phocomelia, micromelia- flipper limbs)
“limb defects with tha-LIMB-domide”
What effect does Valproate have on the fetus?
inhibition of maternal folate abs –> neural tube defects
What effect does Warfarin have on the fetus?
bone deformities
fetal hemorrhage
abortion
opthalamo abnormalities
“Do not wage WARFARe on the baby- keep it HAPpy with HEParin”
What drug causes renal damage to the fetus?
ACE inhibitors
What drug causes absence of digits and multiple anomalies to the fetus?
alkylating agents
What drug causes neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, devel. delay, IUGR to the fetus?
carbamazepine
What drug causes CN 8 tox to the fetus?
aminoglycosides
What drug causes vaginal clear cell carcinoma
and congenital Mullerian anomalies to the fetus?
DES
What drug causes neural tube defects to the fetus?
folate antagonists
What drug causes Ebstein anomaly (atrialized R ventricle)to the fetus?
lithium
What drug causes aplasia cutis congentia to the fetus?
methimazole
What drug causes fetal hydantoin syndrome (microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges, cardiac defects, IUGR, intellectual disability) to the fetus?
phenytoin
What drug causes discolored teeth to the fetus?
tetracyclines
What drug causes limb defects (phocomelia, micromelia- flipper limbs) to the fetus?
thalidomide
What drug inhibits maternal folate abs –> neural tube defects?
valproate
What drug causes bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, opthalamo abnormalities to the fetus?
warfarin
What drug causes intellectual disability, devel. retardation, microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, facial abnormalities (smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small palpebral fissures, hypertelorism), limb dislocations, and heart defects to the fetus?
alcohol (fetal alcohol syndrome)
What drug causes abnormal fetal growth, fetal addiction, and placental abruption?
cocaine
What drug causes low birth weight, ADHD, IUGR to the fetus?
nicotine/CO from smoking
What drug causes cleft palate and cardiac abnormalities to the fetus?
vitamin A excess
What does alcohol do to the fetus?
fetal alcohol syndrome: intellectual disability, devel. retardation, microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, facial abnormalities (smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small palpebral fissures, hypertelorism), limb dislocations, and heart defects
What does cocaine do to a fetus?
causes abnormal fetal growth, fetal addiction, and placental abruption
What does vitamin A excess do to a fetus?
causes cleft palate and cardiac abnormalities
What does smoking do to a fetus?
causes low birth weight, ADHD, IUGR
What do xrays do to a fetus?
cause microcephaly, intellectual disability
