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Step Drugs > Neuro quiz 2-23 > Flashcards

Neuro quiz 2-23 Flashcards

1
Q

What do beta-2 receptor blockers do?

A

cause bronchoconstriction and wheezing

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2
Q

What is Dantrolene? How does it work? What is it used for?

A

a muscle relaxant that works on the ryanodine receptor to prevent further release of Ca++ into the cytoplasm of muscle fibers tx for malignant hyperthermia

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3
Q

What is haloperidol? How does it work?

A

a neuroleptic drug blocks DA receptors in the CNS; also has anticholinergic and antihistamine properties

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4
Q

What are the major SEs of carbamazepine?

A

agranulocytosis aplastic anemia

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5
Q

What are the s/s of angle closure glaucoma?

A

unilateral, severe eye pain visual disturbances (halos) * Inuit and Asian decent @ increased risk

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6
Q

What is the tx for combined tonic-clonic AND absence seizures?

A

valproate

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7
Q

How do ACE inhibitors work?

A

decrease BP and cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

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8
Q

What drug can be given in berry aneurism/subarachnoid hemorrhage to prevent neuro sequelae?

A

Ca++ channel blocker

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9
Q

Name the drug: inhibits neuronal high-freq firing of APs by blocking Na+ channels and prolonging their rate of recovery

A

Phenytoin

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10
Q

What are methyldopa and clonidine?

A

central sympatholytics

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11
Q

What is Baclofen? How does it work?

A

a GABA-B receptor agonist decreases excitability of spinal cord reflexes

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12
Q

What SEs of atropine occur in the eyes?

A

mydriasis –> narrowing of anterior chamber angle –> diminished aqueous humor outflow –> angle closure GLAUCOMA cycloplegia (paralysis of accommodation)

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13
Q

Name 2 central sympatholytics.

A

methyldopa clonidine

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14
Q

What is Nortriptyline?

A

a TCA

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15
Q

What is diazepam? How does it work?

A

long acting benzo increases freq of Cl- channel opening –> facilitates GABA action

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16
Q

What is the tx for Jimson Weed poisoning?

A

physostigmine

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17
Q

How do beta blockers work?

A

inhibit the neurotransmitter-receptor interaction at adrenergic synapses

18
Q

What is the tx for malignant hyperthermia? How does it work?

A

Dantrolene a muscle relaxant that works on the ryanodine receptor to prevent further release of Ca++ into the cytoplasm of muscle fibers

19
Q

Dx? Belladonna alkaloid toxins = anticholinergic –> blockade of visceral muscarinic receptors –> tachycardia, cutaneous flushing, decreased secretions, bronchodilation, hyperthermia, mydriasis, cycloplegia, hallucinations, delirium

A

Jimson Weed poisoning

20
Q

What is benztropine? How does it work?

A

centrally acting anti-muscarinic treats Parkinsons

21
Q

Name the drug: a neuroleptic drug that blocks DA receptors in the CNS; also has anticholinergic and antihistamine properties

A

Haloperidol

22
Q

Even after tx with atropine, pts with organophosphate poisoning are still at risk for _____.

A

muscle paralysis

23
Q

Agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia are the most feared SEs of ______.

A

carbamazepine

24
Q

Name the drug: a GABA-B receptor agonist that decreases excitability of spinal cord reflexes

A

Baclofen

25
Q

What is metoprolol?

A

selectiv Beta-1-adrenergic receptor antagonist

26
Q

What is duloxetine?

A

a NE reuptake inhibitor

27
Q

What are the general SEs of anticholinergics?

A

can’t pee can’t see can’t spit can’t shit

28
Q

What do beta-1 receptor blockers do?

A

decrease HR

29
Q

What is Nimodipine?

A

Ca++ channel blocker

30
Q

How does atropine work in MI/bradycardia?

A

blocks vagal influence on SA/AV node to increase HR

31
Q

How does Phenytoin work?

A

inhibits neuronal high-freq firing of APs by blocking Na+ channels and prolonging their rate of recovery

32
Q

How does Jimson Weed poisoning work?

A

produces Belladonna alkaloid toxins = anticholinergic –> blockade of visceral muscarinic receptors –> tachycardia, cutaneous flushing, decreased secretions, bronchodilation, hyperthermia, mydriasis, cycloplegia, hallucinations, delerium

33
Q

How does Ethosuxamide work?

A

blocks T-type Ca++ channels in thalamic neurons

34
Q

What is Levetiracetam?

A

an anti-epileptic

35
Q

What is the most effective monotherapy for muscle spasms of MS?

A

Baclofen (GABA-B receptor agonist) Tizanidine

36
Q

Name the drug class: stimulate alpha-2A receptors centrally –> decrease sympathetic outflow –> decrease BP, alpha, and beta sympathetic stimulation

A

central sympatholytics

37
Q

Name the drug: long acting benzo that increases freq of Cl- channel opening –> facilitates GABA action

A

diazepam

38
Q

How does organophosphate poisoning work?

A

irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase at both muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic synapses –> decrease degradation of ACh –> increase ACh concentration in synaptic cleft –> overstim of receptors –> DUMBELS, fasciculations, paralysis

39
Q

Name the drug: a neuroleptic drug that blocks DA receptors in the CNS; also has anticholinergic and antihistamine properties

A

Benztropine

40
Q

Name the drug: blocks T-type Ca++ channels in thalamic neurons

A

ethosuxamide

41
Q

What is the tx for organophosphate poisoning?

A

atropine

Step Drugs (3 decks)

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