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Pharmacology > Teratogens > Flashcards

Teratogens Flashcards

0
Q

Effect of alkylation agents

A

Absence of digits; multiple anomalies

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1
Q

Effect of ACEIs

A

Renal damage

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2
Q

Effect of aminoglycosides

A

CN VIII toxicity

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3
Q

Effect of carbamazepine

A

Cleft lip/palate; spins bifida; fingernail hypoplasia; development delay; intrauterine growth retardation

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4
Q

Effect of diethylstilbestrol (DES)

A

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma

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5
Q

Effect of folate antagonists

A

Spins bifida

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6
Q

Effect of lithium

A

Ebstein’s anomaly (atrialized right ventricle)

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7
Q

Effect of phenytoin

A

Fetal hydrantoin syndrome - microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features (cleft lip/palate), hypoplasia nails and distal phalanges, cardiac defects, intrauterine growth retardation, mental retardation

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8
Q

Effect of tetracyclines

A

Discolored teeth

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9
Q

Effect of thalidomide

A

Limb defects (flipper limb)

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10
Q

Effect of valproate acid

A

Spins bifida - inhibition of maternal folate absorption –> neural tube defects

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11
Q

Effect of warfarin

A

Bone deformities; fetal hemorrhage; abortion; ophthalmologic abnormalities

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12
Q

Effect of alcohol

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome - mental retardation, pre- and postnatal developmental retardation, holoprosencephaly, limb dislocation, and heart and lung fistulas

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13
Q

Effect of cocaine

A

Abnormal development and fetal addiction; placental abruption; low birthweight; preterm labor

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14
Q

Effect of smoking

A

Placental problems; intrauterine growth retardation; preterm labor; ADHD

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15
Q

Effect of deficient or excess iodine

A

Congenital goiter or hypothyroidism (cretinism)

16
Q

Effect of maternal diabetes

A

Macrosomia (baby is large; at risk for hypoglycemia); caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia); congenital hear defects (esp. D-transposition of great vessels); neural tube defects

17
Q

Effect of excess vitamin A

A

Extremely high risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate; cardiac abnormalities)

18
Q

Effect of X-rays

A

Microcephaly; mental retardation

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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