tendons

Question 1

how are tendons arranged

Answer 1

longitudinal arrangement of cells (tenocytes) and fibres (collagen type 1)

Question 2

structure of a tendon

Answer 2

collagen bundles covered by endotenon, fascicles covered by paratenon, tendon covered by epitenon

Question 3

what carries blood supply to tendon

Answer 3

vinculum

Question 4

what is within tendon sheath

Answer 4

tendons connected to sheath by vinculum
synovial lining and fluid

Question 5

function of tendon

Answer 5

movement. pull on bone to bend joints

Question 6

degeneration of tendon signs

Answer 6

swollen
painful
tender
may be asymptomatic
intrasubstance mucoid degeneration

Question 7

inflammation of tendon

Answer 7

swollen hot tender red
positive finklesteins test

Question 8

enthesiopathy

Answer 8

inflammation at insertion to bone
due to repetitive injury that doesnt repair eg tennis elbow
can happen in ligament too

Question 9

avulsion and or bone fragment

Answer 9

failure at insertion
load exceeding failure strength while muscle contracting

Question 10

treatment of avulsion

Answer 10

limited application
retraction tendon

surgery-
reattachment tendon
fixation bone fragment

Question 11

achilles tendon rupture

Answer 11

caused mainly by pushing off weight bearing forefoot whilst extending knee joint
positive simmonds test
palpable tender gap