paediatric trauma Flashcards
childrens fractures management
assess soft tissues, sensation and motor function, vascular status
document findings and repeat post intervention
reduce fracture if needed
immobilise
remove cast when healed
open fractures debride
sometimes need bent cast to give straight limb (periosteum torsion)
femoral fracture management
gallows then thomas splint
fractures children most prone to
greenstick- one side of the bone breaks whilst the other stays intact
types of fractures
Buckle (torus)
Transverse
Oblique
Spiral
Segmental
Salter-Harris (growth plate fracture)
Comminuted
Greenstick
salter harris classification of growth plate fractures
SALTR
Type 1: Straight across
Type 2: Above
Type 3: BeLow
Type 4: Through
Type 5: CRush
salter harris classification of growth plate fractures
SALTR
Type 1: Straight across
Type 2: Above (most common)
Type 3: BeLow
Type 4: Through
Type 5: CRush
what pain meds are not used in children
Codeine and tramadol
Aspirin is contraindicated in children under 16
paracetamol and ibuprofen and morphine are used
supplement cast with fixation when
severe swelling likely
need to reinspect wound
multiple injuries
segmental limb injuries
unstable fracture
approaching skeletal maturity
avulsion of ACL classification
1- undisplaced
2- hinged
3- displaced
1/2 long leg cast
2/3 ORIF
avulsion of ACL classification
1- undisplaced
2- hinged
3- displaced
1/2 long leg cast
2/3 ORIF
in what pattern does growth plate close
in age 13-14 year olds
central to medial to lateral fusion
monteggia fracture
ulna fractured and superior dislocation of radial head
galeazzi fracture
radius fractured and superior dislocation of ulna head
flexible nailing
need 2 years predicted growth remaining
wires out when healed
allow early ROM
