Temporomandibular disorders

Question 1

Define TMD

Answer 1

Temporomandubular disorders.
- A group of conditions affecting the TMJ and/or the muscles of mastication.

Question 2

What is the aetiology of TMD?

Answer 2

MULTOFACTORIAL: biological, psychological, behavior.

BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL.

Question 3

4 sites where a patient may feel pain due to TMD?

Answer 3

• Jaw
• Ear
• In front of ear
• Temple

Question 4

4 noises that may be heard dur to TMD?

Answer 4

• Clicking
• Popping
• Snapping
• Crepitus.

on JAW MOVEMENT in the past 30 DAYS.

Question 5

3 movements that may be seen in patients with TMD?

Answer 5

• Locking
• Restricted opening
• Deviation

Question 6

5 habits that we may see in TMD patients?

Answer 6

• Clenching
• Grinding
• Chewing/biting habits
• Singing
• Musocal instruments

Question 7

3 comorbidities we may see in TMD patients?

Answer 7

• Fibromyalgia.
• Chronic pain
• Psychological factors

Question 8

3 things that are checked clinically during a TMD examination

Answer 8

• TMJ
• Masseter aka palpation of muscles
• Temporalis

Question 9

How is the TMJ examined?

Answer 9

• Palpate the LATERAL POLE - does palpation elicit the patient’s familiar pain?
• 3 REPETITIONS OF: OPENING, CLOSING, LATERAL and PROTRUSIVE movements.

Question 10

How is the temporalis palpated?

Answer 10

• Palpate when teeth CLENCHED.
• Palpate ATTACHMENT (above the ear and towards th eye).

Question 11

How is the masseter palpated?

Answer 11

BIMANUAL palpation.

Question 12

What are we checking when looking at mouth opening for TMD?

Answer 12

• Deviation on opening
• Extent of opening (assisted and unassisted).

Question 13

3 intra oral characteristics of TMD?

Answer 13

• Linea alba.
• Scalloping of borders of tongue
• Tooth wear

Question 14

What imaging investigations are recommeded for TMD (3)?

Answer 14

• Traditional radiographs not normally indicated.
• Cone beam computed tomography CBCT.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).