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Neuropsych > Temporal Lobe > Flashcards

Temporal Lobe Flashcards

1
Q

What does the temporal lobe house

A 
primary auditory cortex
secondary auditory and visual cortex
limbic cortex
amygdala
hippocampus.
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2
Q

What do primary lobe areas do in general

A

detect specific modality information

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3
Q

What do secondary lobe areas do in general

A

perception of stimuli

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4
Q

What do tertiary lobe areas do in general

A

integration - make sense of and integrate stimuli

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5
Q

Where is the Primary Auditory cortex

A

Transverse Temporal Gyrus (or Heschl’s gyrus)

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6
Q

How are cells in the Primary Auditory cortex organised

A

tonotopically mapped according to characteristics of sound information such as frequency, pitch, amplitude

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7
Q

In what area are the basic individual elements of sound are integrated into more meaningful/ recognisable aspects of speech or music

A

secondary area / unimodal association area

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8
Q

What does the left hemisphere primary and secondary areas of the temporal lobe specifically do

A

understanding the phoneme

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9
Q

damage to the left hemisphere primary and secondary areas of the temporal lobe means that …

A

have trouble perceiving auditory information
can’t break up language into it’s parts
like hearing a foreign language

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10
Q

What does the right hemisphere primary and secondary areas of the temporal lobe specifically do

A

processing the characteristics of sound such as pitch, frequency, amplitude and timbre

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11
Q

If you can’t distinguish between musical instruments there may be damage to what area

A

right hemisphere primary and secondary areas of temporal lobe

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12
Q

What a test for damage to left hemisphere primary and secondary areas of the temporal lobe

A

WAIS vocab test

Wapmans test

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13
Q

Inability to follow instructions may be a result of what particular temporal lobe damage

A

left hemisphere primary and secondary areas

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14
Q

What are the two two parallel visual pathways

A 
Ventral Pathway (Parvocellular) - underneath
Dorsal Pathway (Magnocellular) - on top
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15
Q

What is the Ventral Pathway

A

projects ventrally from occipital lobe to the inferior temporal lobe

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16
Q

What is the Dorsal Pathway

A

projects dorsally from occipital lobe to the Medial Temporal area and then onto posterior parietal cortex.

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17
Q

What do Neurons in the Ventral Pathway respond to

A

a wide variety of shapes and colours and so it is

involved in the perception of What the object is

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18
Q

Which is the WHAT pathway

A

Ventral Pathway

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19
Q

What do Neurons in the dorsal pathway respond to

A

dynamic motion and direction of an object and hence it is involved in the perception of Where the object is.

20
Q

Which is the WHERE pathway

A

Dorsal Pathway

21
Q

What is a test of ventral pathway

A

Boston Naming Test

WAIS picture completion

22
Q

Where is visual integration assumed to occur

A

Junction of occipito-parieto-temporal

23
Q

Why is memory important for visual information

A

Visual information is matched with stored memory,

particularly memory for categories

24
Q

Which area appears to be heavily involved

in categorisation

A

middle temporal gyrus

25
Q

In terms of visual processing Temporal lobe patients have trouble accessing what

A

categories, with the specificity of categories and in

making specific and fine categories

26
Q

What is a test of categorisation

A

FAS

WAIS similarities

27
Q

What area is involved with multi-modal integration of information from the visual, parietal and auditory associations areas

A

superior temporal gyrus – at the junction between parieto-temporal lobes

28
Q

The limbic system, is heavily involved with what functions

A

emotion, memory and learning

29
Q

What are the limbic structures

A

Amygdala, Hippocampus and olfactory regions

30
Q

Which structure is involved with emotion/fear response

A

Amygdala

31
Q

What does the hippocampus do in terms of memory

A

laying memory down and converting it to long term storage and also in accessing memory

32
Q

How are memory and emotion associated

A

Long term memory is associated with emotional
valence
Emotions helps us understand and remember
information
Learning is dependent on our emotions and how we
associate stimuli with positive, negative or neutral
stimuli.

33
Q

inability to differentiate between emotionally different stimuli, even if the consequence is important.is a result of

A

Lesions to the connections between the hippocampus and amygdala

34
Q

Memory is made up of what 3 functions

A

encoding + storage + retrieval

35
Q

Olfactory areas are associated with what

A

memory

36
Q

Declarative/explicit memory is located where and what is it

A

synapses of hippocampus/medial temporal lobe

Memory of facts.

37
Q

What is a test of declarative memory

A

Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT)
California Verbal Learning Test
Rey Complex Figure

38
Q

Procedural/implicit memory of skills and habits is located where and what are the implications

A

synaptic connections within striatum, motor cortex and cerebellum.
Can learn new skills even with temporal lobe damage

39
Q

Procedural memory of associative learning that leads to an emotional response is located where

A

synapses within the amygdala

40
Q

Resection of the hippocampus results in impairment of what

A

Declarative / explicit memory.

an inability to form new memories and to recall recent events ie anterograde amnesia

41
Q

Long term memory is a function of what general area

A

Temporal lobe

42
Q

We remember scary things more than neutral things because of what

A

amygdala

43
Q

what is proceedural/implicit memory

A

Long term memory of skills/procedures – “how to”

knowledge.

44
Q

what are temporal lobe lesions associated with:

A

(1) disturbance of auditory sensation and perception,
(2) disorders of music perception,
(3) disorders of visual perception,
(4) disturbance in the selection of visual and auditory input,
(5) impaired organization and categorization of sensory input
(8) altered personality and affective behavior, and
(9) altered sexual behavior.

45
Q

What does the the mirror drawing task involve

A

implicit learning of skilled movements.

Neuropsych (7 decks)

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