telescopes, microscopes, eyes, night-vision devices Flashcards

1
Q

Who made telescopes?

A

Newton, Galileo, Kepler

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2
Q

What are the main parts of the telescope?

A

Eyepiece, objective

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3
Q

What are binoculars like?

A

2 refracting telescopes with 2 prisms that act as mirrors

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4
Q

What are microscopes like?

A

Similar to Kepler’s telescopes

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5
Q

What do the eyes do?

A

Focuses on objects at different distances, record images, detect subtle changes in colour and brightness.

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6
Q

How do eyes focus?

A

Front of the eye. Everything else is behind.

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7
Q

What are the cones and rods for?

A

Light, Colour

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8
Q

What does the cornea do?

A

Refracts light before it enters the eye

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9
Q

What does the retina do?

A

Layers of cones + rods behind the eye that respond to light and initiate nerve impulses.

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10
Q

What do the ciliary muscles do?

A

Change the shape of the lens by shortening/thickening.

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11
Q

How does the lens change to look at closer objects?

A

Lens must be thicker (rounder).

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12
Q

What are the lens, retina, and pupil of cameras?

A

Camera lens (in and out), film or CCDs, apertures.

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13
Q

What is myopia?

A

Near-sightedness, image forms in front of the retina, diverging lens.

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14
Q

What is hyperopia?

A

Far-sightedness, rays don’t meet before the retina, converging lens.

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15
Q

What is presbyopia?

A

Lenses are stiff, can’t focus on nearby objects, bifocals.

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16
Q

What is astigmatism?

A

Incorrectly-shaped cornea, blurred/distorted vision.

17
Q

What does laser eye surgery do?

A

Removes (vapourizes) parts of the cornea to change the shape and how it refracts light.

18
Q

How does laser eye surgery work?

A

Flap is cut in cornea + pulled back, surface shaped by laser, flap is replaced

19
Q

What are night-vision devices?

A

Allows people to see when there is little light.

20
Q

How do night vision devices work?

A

Image-intensifier tube uses a high-voltage power supply to increase the amount of light reaching the eyes.