Tectonics - Eyjafjallajokull Volcano

Question 1

date

Answer 1

May 2010

Question 2

peak VEI

Answer 2

4

Question 3

plate margin

Answer 3

divergent
atypical eruption characteristics

Question 4

ash cloud height

Answer 4

10km high

Question 5

Jokulhlaup

Answer 5

rising magma melted overlying ice cap
water flowed into crater adding to eruptions explosivity
caused flooding in S Iceland

Question 6

aviation industry

Answer 6

10 million people grounded in first 8 days
£130 million lost per day from airlines

Question 7

deliveries

Answer 7

couldn’t be carried out e.g organs and computer parts
Kenya/ Thailand had no flights so no flowers (lost $3 million a day)

Question 8

GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

Answer 8

Europe lost $2.6 billion

Question 9

evacuation

Answer 9

approx. 700 locals (rural area)

Question 10

contamination

Answer 10

ash got in local water supplies BUT little impact - farmers made aware

Question 11

ash cloud extent

Answer 11

impacted European airspace
became mega disaster
almost half of total air traffic cancelled

Question 12

speed of onset

Answer 12

seismographs registered swarms of shallow earthquakes and minor eruptions 2 weeks prior
allowed time for evacuation

Question 13

governance

Answer 13

high levels of education of citizens about tectonic disasters
high levels of technology
highly democratic and competent government

Question 14

death toll

Answer 14

zero!

Question 15

longterm responses

Answer 15

rivers dredged to enable jokulhaups to create new path/ to flood