tectonics eq3

Question 1

4 stages in hazard management cycle

Answer 1

• mitigation
• preparedness
• response
• recovery

Question 2

mitigation

focus, actions, takes place

Answer 2

focus: make the hazard less hazardous

actions: zoning and land use planning, building codes, building protective structures eg tsunami walls

takes place: before and after the event

Question 3

preparedness

Answer 3

Preparing to deal with a hazard event

Question 4

mitigation

Answer 4

preventing hazard events or minimising their effects

Question 5

preparedness

focus, actions, takes place

Answer 5

focus: being ready for the event

actions: developing preparedness plans, early warning systems, evacuation plans, raising public awareness

takes place: before the event

Question 6

response

Answer 6

responding effectively to a hazard event

Question 7

response

focus, actions, takes place

Answer 7

focus: coping with the disaster

actions: search and rescue, evacuation when needed, restoring crutial infastructure, ensuring crutial services continue

takes place: during event

Question 8

recovery

Answer 8

getting back to normal

Question 9

recovery

focus, actions, takes place

Answer 9

focus: short term (immediate needs) and long term (reduce future vulnerability)

actions: short term- health and safety services, providing food and shelter
long term- rebuilding homes, reopening places

takes place: after the event

Question 10

objectives of hazard management

Answer 10

• increase saving lives
• decrease economic disruption
• decrease vulnerability
• increase capacity to cope
• decrease risk

Question 11

key players involved in hazard management

Answer 11

• national govenment
• local government
• other national governments
• IGO’s
• community group
• NGO’s
• emergency services
• schools
• scientists

Question 12

modifying the event

Answer 12

using methods of controlling the targeted area to reduce the events impact

Question 13

modifying the vulnerability

Answer 13

increasing a communities capacity to cope with a hazard

Question 14

aid

modifying the loss

Answer 14

when NGO’s and government provide financial aid and advice in order to help the country recover from a disaster

Question 15

hazard mitigation

Answer 15

strategies that are used to delay, avoid or prevent hazard events

Question 16

theoretical model examples

Answer 16

• hazard-management cycle
• the park hazard response model

Question 17

land use zoning

Answer 17

• local government regulate how land in a community may be used
• common in wealthy countries

Question 18

diverting lava flows

Answer 18

• attempts to divert lava away from people
• fairly ineffective

Question 19

hazard resistant designs

Answer 19

Earthquake:
- shock absorbing foundations
- damper (weight at the top of a building)

tsunami:
- big sea wall
- buildings on stilits

Question 20

hazard adaptation

Answer 20

strategies designed to reduce the impacts of hazard events

examples:
- high tech monitering
- crisis mapping
- modelling hazard impacts
- public education
- community preparedness

Question 21

high tech monitering

Answer 21

technology helps communities an individuals become less vulnerable to hazard events

monitering allows scientists to learn more about the natural processes

Question 22

crisis mapping

Answer 22

uses crowd sourced information to map areas struck by disaster and can be used before or after an event happens

eg Haiti (after event), Nepal (before event)

Question 23

modelling hazard impact

Answer 23

computers let scientists predict impacts of hazardous events on communities

this helps the development of plans to reduce impact from hazards

Question 24

public education

Answer 24

helps reduce vulnerability and prevent hazards from becoming disasters

Question 25

PAF

players

synoptic themes

Answer 25

individuals, groups and organisations involved in making decisions that affect people and places

• IGO’s
• communities
• NGO’s
• etc

Question 26

PAF

attitudes and actions

Answer 26

by which the players try to achieve what they want

• strategic
• implementation
• social justice

Question 27

strategic

attitudes and actions

Answer 27

have players worked effectively together to ensure future damage is limited?

Question 28

implementation

attitudes and actions

Answer 28

faced with a future tectonic hazard would it have similar impacts or have lessons been learned?

Question 29

vulnerable

social justice

attitudes and actions

Answer 29

do those who are vulnerable face a better or safer future?

Question 30

PAF

futures and uncertainties

Answer 30

what will the future hold?