tectonics eq3 Flashcards
4 stages in hazard management cycle
- mitigation
- preparedness
- response
- recovery
mitigation
focus, actions, takes place
focus: make the hazard less hazardous
actions: zoning and land use planning, building codes, building protective structures eg tsunami walls
takes place: before and after the event
preparedness
Preparing to deal with a hazard event
mitigation
preventing hazard events or minimising their effects
preparedness
focus, actions, takes place
focus: being ready for the event
actions: developing preparedness plans, early warning systems, evacuation plans, raising public awareness
takes place: before the event
response
responding effectively to a hazard event
response
focus, actions, takes place
focus: coping with the disaster
actions: search and rescue, evacuation when needed, restoring crutial infastructure, ensuring crutial services continue
takes place: during event
recovery
getting back to normal
recovery
focus, actions, takes place
focus: short term (immediate needs) and long term (reduce future vulnerability)
actions: short term- health and safety services, providing food and shelter
long term- rebuilding homes, reopening places
takes place: after the event
objectives of hazard management
- increase saving lives
- decrease economic disruption
- decrease vulnerability
- increase capacity to cope
- decrease risk
key players involved in hazard management
- national govenment
- local government
- other national governments
- IGO’s
- community group
- NGO’s
- emergency services
- schools
- scientists
modifying the event
using methods of controlling the targeted area to reduce the events impact
modifying the vulnerability
increasing a communities capacity to cope with a hazard
aid
modifying the loss
when NGO’s and government provide financial aid and advice in order to help the country recover from a disaster
hazard mitigation
strategies that are used to delay, avoid or prevent hazard events
theoretical model examples
- hazard-management cycle
- the park hazard response model
land use zoning
- local government regulate how land in a community may be used
- common in wealthy countries
diverting lava flows
- attempts to divert lava away from people
- fairly ineffective
hazard resistant designs
Earthquake:
- shock absorbing foundations
- damper (weight at the top of a building)
tsunami:
- big sea wall
- buildings on stilits
hazard adaptation
strategies designed to reduce the impacts of hazard events
examples:
- high tech monitering
- crisis mapping
- modelling hazard impacts
- public education
- community preparedness
high tech monitering
technology helps communities an individuals become less vulnerable to hazard events
monitering allows scientists to learn more about the natural processes
crisis mapping
uses crowd sourced information to map areas struck by disaster and can be used before or after an event happens
eg Haiti (after event), Nepal (before event)
modelling hazard impact
computers let scientists predict impacts of hazardous events on communities
this helps the development of plans to reduce impact from hazards
public education
helps reduce vulnerability and prevent hazards from becoming disasters
PAF
players
synoptic themes
individuals, groups and organisations involved in making decisions that affect people and places
- IGO’s
- communities
- NGO’s
- etc
PAF
attitudes and actions
by which the players try to achieve what they want
- strategic
- implementation
- social justice
strategic
attitudes and actions
have players worked effectively together to ensure future damage is limited?
implementation
attitudes and actions
faced with a future tectonic hazard would it have similar impacts or have lessons been learned?
vulnerable
social justice
attitudes and actions
do those who are vulnerable face a better or safer future?
PAF
futures and uncertainties
what will the future hold?
