Tectonics

Question 1

What are the two types of tectonic plates called

Answer 1

Continental and oceanic plate margins

Question 2

What are the 3 types of plate boundaries

Answer 2

Destructive and collision, constructive and conservative

Question 3

Hazard caused at all boundaries

Answer 3

Earthquake

Question 4

Hazards causes at destructive and constructive plate boundaries

Answer 4

Volcanoes

Question 5

Products of a volcano

Answer 5

Lava, tephra, lahars, pyroclastic flow, volcanic ash

Question 6

What is tephra

Answer 6

rock fragments and particles ejected by a volcanic eruption.

Question 7

What is a lahar

Answer 7

mudflows created when water (from rain or meltwater from glaciers) and volcanic ash mix

Question 8

What is a pyroclastic flow

Answer 8

a dense, fast-moving flow of solidified lava pieces, volcanic ash, and hot gases

Question 9

What are the reasons to stay in a place at risk of a volcano

Answer 9

Family, job opportunities, fertile land due to ash, tourism

Question 10

L’aquilla case study detail- primary and secondary affects

Answer 10

1.Magnitude of 6.3
2. Killed 309 people
3. Happened at 3:32 am
4. Around 1500 injured
5. $1.1 billion of damage
6. 4.8 magnitude aftershock,
7. 40,000 people made homeless
8.

Question 11

L’aquilla case study detail- Immediate and long-term responses

Answer 11

Immediate responses=
1. Hotels provided for 10,000 homeless people and 40,000 tents were supplied
2. Immediate aid from Italian Red Cross to find bodies and give medical support
3. British Red Cross raised £171,000 in support
4. USA gave $552.9 million
Long term=
1. Rebuilding of homes
2. Students given free public transport
3. Students exempt from university fees for 3 years

Question 12

Gorkha case study detail- primary and secondary effects

Answer 12

1. 7.8 magnitude
2. Collision plate boundary between Eurasian and Indian plate
3. Over 8000 dead and 19,000 injured
4. Hundreds of thousands of people made homeless
5. Epicentre only 60km from capital city
6. Avalanches on mountain Everest killed around 20 people
7. Landslides killed around 250 people
8. Cost of damage $6.7 billion

Question 13

Gorkha case study- immediate and long term responses

Answer 13

Immediate=
1. India and China supplied country with about £1 billion
2. 100 Search and rescue responders
3. Half a million tents provided for homeless
4. Medical supplies were sent by British Red Cross and Chinese
Long term responses=
1. £73 million donated by the UK
2. $3 million donated by Asian development bank and a further $200 million for rehabilitation
3. Tonnes of food sent by UK
4. Roads repaired
5. Building rebuilt
6. 700 schools rebuilt