Tectonic hazards

Question 1

What are the four major layers of the Earth’s structure?

Answer 1

Mantle
crust
inner core
outer core

Question 2

Which layer is thickest?

Answer 2

Mantle

Question 3

Which two layers are entirely solid?

Answer 3

The crust and the inner core

Question 4

What are the two different types of crust?

Answer 4

Continental and oceanic

Question 5

Which type of crust is more dense? Why is this significant?

Answer 5

oceanic

Question 6

What is the name of the process that causes the Earth’s tectonic plates to move?

Answer 6

Convection currents

Question 7

How many different types of plate boundary are there?

Answer 7

3

Question 8

What direction do the plates move in at convergent plate boundaries?

Answer 8

Towards each other

Question 9

True or False? Volcanoes occur at conservative plate boundaries.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Explain two characteristics of a shield volcano.

Answer 10

Wide and tall

Question 11

Explain two characteristics of a composite volcano.

Answer 11

coneshaped and tall

Question 12

What is a hotspot?

Answer 12

a large plume of hot mantle material rising from deep within the Earth

Question 13

Complete the following sentences.

In an earthquake, the point of rupture - where the earthquake happens underground - is called the f_____. Shock waves radiate out from this point. The e_________ is the point directly above this on the Earth’s surface (where the earthquake is felt the most).

Answer 13

-focus
-epicentre

Question 14

What does magnitude mean?

Answer 14

the most common measure of an earthquake’s size

Question 15

What is the name of the scale that earthquakes are measured on?

Answer 15

The Richter Scale

Question 16

What causes tsunamis?

Answer 16

Underwater earthquakes

Question 17

What was your developing country earthquake case study and when did it happen?

Answer 17

Haiti in 2010

Question 18

a) Identify at least two primary and two secondary impacts for your developing country earthquake case study.

b) In your opinion, which was most significant - the primary or the secondary impacts?

Answer 18

A) 316,000 people died and all 8 hospitals were destroyed =primary
Two million people were left without food and no one had anywhere to receive medical attention=secondary

B)the secondary impacts

Question 19

Identify at least one immediate and one long-term response for your developing earthquake case study.

Answer 19

Bottled water and purification tablets were provided=immediate
Building houses to a higher standard=long-term

Question 20

What was your developed country earthquake case study and when did it happen?

Answer 20

Haiti 2010

Question 21

Identify at least two primary and two secondary impacts for your developed country earthquake case study.

Answer 21

Outbreaks of cholera and family’s were displaced = secondary
Loss of power and all hospitals were destroyed =primary

Question 22

How can the impact of earthquakes be reduced?

Answer 22

by identifying hazards, building safer structures, and providing education on earthquake safety