Tectonic hazards Flashcards
What are the four major layers of the Earth’s structure?
Mantle
crust
inner core
outer core
Which layer is thickest?
Mantle
Which two layers are entirely solid?
The crust and the inner core
What are the two different types of crust?
Continental and oceanic
Which type of crust is more dense? Why is this significant?
oceanic
What is the name of the process that causes the Earth’s tectonic plates to move?
Convection currents
How many different types of plate boundary are there?
3
What direction do the plates move in at convergent plate boundaries?
Towards each other
True or False? Volcanoes occur at conservative plate boundaries.
False
Explain two characteristics of a shield volcano.
Wide and tall
Explain two characteristics of a composite volcano.
coneshaped and tall
What is a hotspot?
a large plume of hot mantle material rising from deep within the Earth
Complete the following sentences.
In an earthquake, the point of rupture - where the earthquake happens underground - is called the f_____. Shock waves radiate out from this point. The e_________ is the point directly above this on the Earth’s surface (where the earthquake is felt the most).
-focus
-epicentre
What does magnitude mean?
the most common measure of an earthquake’s size
What is the name of the scale that earthquakes are measured on?
The Richter Scale
What causes tsunamis?
Underwater earthquakes
What was your developing country earthquake case study and when did it happen?
Haiti in 2010
a) Identify at least two primary and two secondary impacts for your developing country earthquake case study.
b) In your opinion, which was most significant - the primary or the secondary impacts?
A) 316,000 people died and all 8 hospitals were destroyed =primary
Two million people were left without food and no one had anywhere to receive medical attention=secondary
B)the secondary impacts
Identify at least one immediate and one long-term response for your developing earthquake case study.
Bottled water and purification tablets were provided=immediate
Building houses to a higher standard=long-term
What was your developed country earthquake case study and when did it happen?
Haiti 2010
Identify at least two primary and two secondary impacts for your developed country earthquake case study.
Outbreaks of cholera and family’s were displaced = secondary
Loss of power and all hospitals were destroyed =primary
How can the impact of earthquakes be reduced?
by identifying hazards, building safer structures, and providing education on earthquake safety
