Tectonic hazards Flashcards
What are the factors affecting hazard risk
Population density
Wealth
Deforestation
Climate change
How does each one affect hazard risk
Population density- The higher the population density, the bigger the chance of getting affected by natural hazards
WEALTH- people in LICS often live in slums which are prone to flooding and are weak so will collapse. LICS have less money= struggle to cope
DEFORESTATION- Destroying large areas of forest increase risk of flooding, landslides and drought
CLIMATE CHANGE- gives rise to more volatile weather
What are the 3 plate margins
Conservative
Destructive
Constructive
How do each 3 plate margins act?
CONSERVATIVE- where earthquakes happen, tectonic plates sliding ALONGSIDE each other
DESTRUCTIVE- Where the oceanic plate collided with continental plate, the oceanic plate is forced under the continental plate
CONSTRUCTIVE - tectonic plates move AWAY from each other due to convection current
what is the LIC case study for tectonic hazards?
HAITI (2010)
What are the primary effects of Haiti
220,000 people killed
1 million homes collapsed
8 hospitals collapsed
1.3 million made homeless
what are the secondary effects of Haiti(2010)
Outbreak of Cholera
Crime increased as prisoners escaped
2 million people left withouhf food or water
what are the short term responses of HAITI
UK government provided 20 million pounds
USA sent 10,000 troops
Bottled water provided
What are the long term responses of HAITI
after earthquakes, 1 million people still live in temporary shelter
Became dependant on overseas aid
what’s the HIC case study for tectonic hazards
Christchurch in New Zealand (2011)
what are the primary effects of Christchurch
181 people died
Over 50% of the city’s buildings were collapsed
what are the secondary effects of Christchurch
Schools closed for 2 weeks
Businesses closed for a long time
What are the short term responses for CHRISTCHIRCH
international aid provided (6-7 million)
Aid workers from charities helped
300 australian police officers flown in
What are the long term responses of CHRISTCHURCH
900 million dollars i’m building insurance claims
Water and sewage restored by August 11
why does the effects differ from areas in contrasting wealth
More building collapsed in Haiti becuase many buildings were made from weak materials and are not earthquake proof meaning more buildings collapsed. + a lot of people living in slums so more people died in HAITI than in Christchurch
Cholera broke out in HAITI as they have a lack of money for a purified water supply
CHRISTCHURCH was more prepared so the effects werent as drastic because they have earthquake proof buildings and more money
How does the responses differ from areas in contrasting wealths
In Haiti they were forced to wait for help overseas as they couldn’t repair the damages by themselves ( became dependent whereas Christchurch was less dependent)
The government in Haiti could not afford to rebuild homes that quickly which is why 1 million people still live in temporary housing
In Christchurch (2011) water and sewage were restored by August 11 (6 months after earthquake) which was quicker r than Haiti (2010) as they have less resocures and money
