TECHNOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF HUMAN SOCIETY Flashcards
dependent on the resources available in nature
the hunter and gatherer society
they change settlements from time to time, moving towards areas with abundant resources for their survival; humans in hunter and gatherer society
nomads
they learned how to tame/domesticate animals and cultivate crops; this society also discovered the process of mining
shifters and farmers society
Humans in this society discovered coal, gas, and oil used in cooking. These discoveries paved the way for industrialization
manufacturing/processing society
It is where technologies are used for producing synthetic food and for recycling resources to satisfy increasing human needs; it is how we will describe where we are now
future man-made world
is another way of looking at the evolution of human society; societies based on the concept of waves where each wave propels the older societies and cultures aside
Classification of Society
an American writer and futurist known for his works discussing the digital evolution, communication evolution, and technological singularity
Alvin Toffler
the one that replaced hunters/gatherers after the agrarian revolution; this society
is composed of farmers
first wave society
is similar to the manufacturing/processing society; This society flourished during the period of industrial revolution until the end of World War II; scientific knowledge
spread across the world for the first time during this time
second wave society
characterized as a post-industrialized society after World War II; This society is associated with scientific-technological evolution
third wave society
five general types of technology:
energy, equipment, information, life, and materials
technology
We can now generate energy from wind, from solar panels, hydrothermal vents, and even waste products of animals; The goal of experts in this field is to provide energy without causing negative effects to humans and the environment
Energy Technology
an environmentally-friendly, renewable energy source that came from the waste products of animals
Biogas
This technology as its name implies is made for preservation, maintenance, treatment, and reproduction of living things
Life Technology
This type of technology includes tools and gadgets used to manage, process,
and distribute information
Information Technology
This technology is involved in extraction, fabrication, and synthesis of materials
specifically for the benefit of mankind
Materials Technology
This include design and fabrication of different instruments, tools, gadgets, and
machines that aim to create another product
Equipment Technology
This occurs rapidly in this modern age of technology because if we are not satisfied, we tend to ask for more
Substitution
it is referred to as the process by which an innovation is communicated through various channels and subsequently adopted over time among members of society.
Diffusion
The extent to which the culture is receptive to new things
Modernity
The more similar to each other that members of a culture are, the more likely an innovation is to spread—people are more likely to imitate similar than different models.
Homophily
The greater the distance between people, the less likely innovation is to spread
Physical distance
The more opinion leaders are valued and respected, the more likely an innovation
is to spread.
Opinion leadership
it measures the income or the expenditures WITHIN the country
GDP or gross domestic product
it is the measure of how the total gross domestic product of the country is equally
distributed among its members/people
Income Distribution
it is the average income earned by a person in a particular city, region, or country
Per Capita Income
it is the sum of ALL the goods and services produced in a country per year by
its people. In can be represented through this formula
Gross National Product
is the measure at which all the available labor resources are being utilized.
Employment Rate
is the sum total of all the men and women who are able to work, be employed
or unemployed
Structure of Labor Force
is the average number of years an individual or a group of people could be
expected to live or simply people’s life span
Human Life Expectancy
it is the percentage of people living in urbanized area not depending
upon agricultural products and other government services
Percentage of Urban Population
