Technology.

Question 1

Simple machines

Answer 1

• transmit forces
• change directions of a force
• modify intensity of a force
• provide mechanical advantage

Question 2

1st class lever

Answer 2

Fulcrum in the middle

Question 3

2nd class levr

Answer 3

Load in the middle

Question 4

3rd class levr

Answer 4

Effort in the middle

Question 5

Mechanical advantage of lever

Answer 5

Effort arm over load arm

Question 6

MA of incline plane

Answer 6

Length over height

Question 7

Pulleys

Answer 7

Use grooved wheels and a rope to raise, lower and move a load

Question 8

Fixed pulley

Answer 8

Has no mechanical advantage

Moves up and down

Question 9

Other simple machines

Answer 9

Screw
Wedge
Wheel and axle

Question 10

Links

Answer 10

Fastening unit that connects two parts

Question 11

Characteristic of links

Answer 11

Direct or indirect
Removable or nonremovable
Rigid or elastic
Complete or partial

Question 12

Direct vs indirect

Answer 12

Direct- connect without intermediary (legos)

Indirect- have one or more fasteners (something is added to connect the two parts)

Question 13

Removable vs non removable

Answer 13

Removable- can be separated without damage

Non- can’t be separated

Question 14

Rigid vs elastic

Answer 14

Rigid- doesn’t let the assembled elements be changed

Elastic- can be flattened and stretched (rubber, springs)

Question 15

Complete vs partial

Answer 15

Complete- does not allow parts to move independently

Partial- one part can move in a certain direction without the other (door)

Question 16

Systems

Answer 16

Made up of several SubSystems. Every sub system has its own function and the various sub systems interact
Ex: bicycle
System: bicycle
Subsystem: brakes, frame, seat, wheel, transmission, steering

Question 17

Component of a system

Answer 17

-Machines are used to accomplish a task
- forces are used to make machine work
- inputs are everything that enters the system
-outputs are everything that exits the system
Ex: apple peeler
Task: peel apples
Force:: muscle force
Inputs: apple
Outputs: apple skin

Question 18

All motion is a combination of these four types

Answer 18

Rectilinear, alternating, circular, oscillatory

Question 19

Rectilinear

Answer 19

Straight line, side to side

Ex: clothesline, skateboard

Question 20

Alternating

Answer 20

Rectilinear motion executed in One Direction and the other

Ex: sewing machine, see saw, trumpet

Question 21

Circular

Answer 21

Moves in the curve or circle

Ex: steering wheel, Ferris wheel, tire, football, helicopter

Question 22

Oscillatory

Answer 22

Back-and-forth around the central point

Ex: swing, broom, the door

Question 23

What triggers motion?

Answer 23

A force is required to provoke motion

Ex: pedalling a bike requires muscle force, brakes on the bike will stop motion, opening the door with pulling force

Question 24

Gravitational force

Answer 24

Force that pulls objects towards the centre of the earth

Question 25

What slows motion?

Answer 25

Friction. Friction is a force that opposes motion. The type of ground is An important factor in the bicycles motion friction force is greater on sand and grass

Question 26

Aerodynamic profile

Answer 26

A shape design to offer the least possible resistance to the air (cars & air planes)

Question 27

Force

Answer 27

Mechanical action that sets an object in motion they can also change the speed or trajectory of an object already in motion. It can also deform an object

Question 28

Flexion

Answer 28

When a gymnast prices or pools on the bar and wait applies of flexion. The bar is likely the bend under the effect of this force

Question 29

Tension

Answer 29

When you pull on an object in One Direction to move it

Ex: pulling a rope

Question 30

Compression

Answer 30

Opposite of tension. Force applied to compress something

Ex: squeezing a sponge

Question 31

Torsion

Answer 31

Turning two objects in opposite directions (Lid and jar)

Ex: screwing or unscrewing a lid

Question 32

Shearing

Answer 32

If you pull the corners of a middle seat in opposite directions, it is likely to break. It will shear or tear.
Ex:!pulling a metal sheet in opposite directions

Question 33

Transmissions of motion

Answer 33

Simple machines can be combined to form mechanical systems these systems transmit motion from one object to another with the help of various mechanisms

Question 34

Chain sprocket

Answer 34

When you ride a bicycle, the motion of your legs must be transmitted to the wheels. You apply a force to the pedals, which are attached to the centre of a toothed wheel. This force triggers a circular motion. A smaller wheel attached to the wheel performs a transmission

Question 35

Belt and pulley

Answer 35

Belt is the same as a chain but instead of turning on the sprocket a bell is inserted on the groove of the police. The second fully moved in the same direction as the first
Ex: clothesline

Question 36

Gears

Answer 36

At least 2 wheels that Turn as they press against each other. They turn in opposite directions, not necessarily the same size. The smaller one would spin faster.

Question 37

Friction wheel

Answer 37

Similar to gears but have no teeth

Question 38

Pulley

Answer 38

Transmit rectilinear motion

Ex: a crane

Question 39

Transformation of motion

Answer 39

Certain mechanism make it possible to change from one type of motion to another

Question 40

Connecting rod and crank

Answer 40

Transforms circular Motion into alternating motion

Ex: combustion engine

Question 41

Cam and follower

Answer 41

Transforms a circular motion into an alternating motion. Cam is egg shape. The follower is a rod that is pressed against the cam. Follower is an alternating motion.

Question 42

Rack and pinion

Answer 42

Changes circular motion into rectilinear motion. It’s a toothed wheel (pinion) that turns on a toothed bar (rack)
Ex: steering rod of a car

Question 43

Screw and nut

Answer 43

Changes a circular motion into a rectilinear motion. When the screw turn, the nut moves along the screw in either direction
Ex: clamp