Technologie und Innovationsmanagment Flashcards
An innovation is the (……) (invention), (…..)(launch) and successful (…..) (adoption) of (….), (…..), (…..), (…..), or even (….), which are (…..) from the perspective of the particular organization and/or user.
An innovation is the creation, introduction and successful diffusion of products, services, systems, processes, or even business models, which are new from the perspective of the particular organization and/or user.
A radical product innovation is a new product that is based on a substantially new technology relative to what already exists, sometimes targeted at a mainstream market and on other occasions at an emerging one.
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The names below are associated with which of the following concepts/products.
The innovator’s dilemma, The stage-gate-model of the innovation process, The theory of industrial development, The Barbie doll
- Clayton M. Christensen
- Robert G. Cooper
- Joseph A. Schumpeter
- Ruth M. Handler
Clayton M. Christensen → The innovator’s dilemma,
Robert G. Cooper → The stage-gate-model of the innovation process
Joseph A. Schumpeter → The theory of industrial development
Ruth M. Handler → The Barbie doll
Radical and disruptive innovations are synonyms. All radical innovations are disruptive and vice versa.
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The stage-gate-model of the innovation process suggests that incremental innovations are managed through short processes with less stages and gates, whereas radical innovations are managed through longer processes with more stages and decision gates.
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A disruptive (product) innovation is a new product that introduces a different set of performance attributes relative to what already exists, and this set of attributes is initially unattractive to an emerging customer segment but attractive to mainstream customers.
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Richtig wäre: A disruptive (product) innovation is a new product that introduces a different set of performance attributes relative to what already exists, and this set of attributes is initially attractive to an emerging customer segment but unattractive to mainstream customers.
From a social science and management research perspective, innovation is …
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a. invention plus commercialization
b. invention plus globalization
c. invention plus commoditization
d. invention plus creativity
invention plus commercialization
- Over time each technology reaches a (….) frontier
- New technologies initially show (….) performance growth
- Performance growth (…..) over the development cycle
- Reaching their performance frontiers, the likelihood increases that (…..) emerge that substitute the existing ones
- Over time each technology reaches a performance frontier
- New technologies initially show slow performance growth
- Performance growth decreases over the development cycle
- Reaching their performance frontiers, the likelihood increases that new technologies emerge that substitute the existing ones
The innovator’s dilemma is:
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a. The effect of rapid technological advancement on incumbent firms, which find themselves locked into existing customers, hampering their ability to adopt new technologies
b. Which markets to enter first with an innovation
c. Whether to disrupt innovation to erect barriers to entry for competitors
d. How much to spend on R&D
Feedback
The effect of rapid technological advancement on incumbent firms, which find themselves locked into existing customers, hampering their ability to adopt new technologies
“The stickiness of a given unit of knowledge or information is defined as the (….) required to (….) that unit from one place to another, in a form that can be (….) by the recipient.” (Eric von Hippel, Management Science 1994)
“The stickiness of a given unit of knowledge or information is defined as the incremental expenditure required to transfer that unit from one place to another, in a form that can be accessed by the recipient.” (Eric von Hippel, Management Science 1994)
What are methods to overcome the so called “local search bias”?
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a. Outcome driven innovation
b. Mergers & acquisitions
c. Customer observation
d. Interdisciplinary teams
e. Focus groups
f. Job rotation
g. R&D consortia
h. Voice of the customer methods
R&D consortia
Mergers & acquisitions
Interdisciplinary teams
Job rotation
According to the lecture, firm innovation happens in three realms:
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a. research, engineering, marketing
b. none of the above
c. new products, new services, new processes
d. commercialization, globalization, commoditization
new products, new services, new processes
Most new products flop because of technical failure.
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From a social science and management research perspective, products such as the cheese-flavored cigarette and the musical flamethrower depicted above are typical examples of product innovations.
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Correct: the illustrated products are inventions, not innovations.
- New innovation (….) on attributes mainstream values
- New features offered not valued by (….) customers
- Innovation typically more simple and often offered at (….)
- At time of introduction, innovation appeals to a low-end, price-sensitive customer segment, limiting (…..) for incumbents
- Over time, innovation’s (….) increases on the attributes mainstream customers value; innovation begins to attract more of these customers.
- New innovation underperforms on attributes mainstream values
- New features offered not valued by mainstream customers
- Innovation typically more simple and often offered at lower price
- At time of introduction, innovation appeals to a low-end, price-sensitive customer segment, limiting profit potential for incumbents
- Over time, innovation’s performance increases on the attributes mainstream customers value; innovation begins to attract more of these customers.
