Techniques 41-50 Flashcards
Scope Modelling
Scope models define the nature of one or more limits or boundaries and place
elements inside or outside those boundaries. Commonly used to describe the boundaries of control, change,
a solution, or a need.
Typically used to clarify the:
• span of control,
• relevance of elements, and
• where effort will be applied.
Sequence Diagrams
Sequence diagrams are used to model the logic of usage scenarios by showing
the information passed between objects in the system through the execution of
the scenario. A sequence diagram shows how processes or objects interact during a scenario.
Stakeholder List, Map, or Personas
Assist the business analyst in analyzing stakeholders and their characteristics. Ensures that the business analyst identifies all possible sources of requirements and that the stakeholder is fully understood. Stakeholder analysis involves identifying the stakeholders that may be affected by a proposed initiative or that share a common business need.
Stakeholder List
Brainstorming and interviews are two common techniques that can be used to generate a stakeholder list. It is important to have an exhaustive list to ensure that no important stakeholder or stakeholder group has been overlooked
Stakeholder Map
Stakeholder maps are diagrams that depict the relationship of stakeholders to the
solution and to one another.
There are many forms of stakeholder maps, but two common ones include:
• Stakeholder Matrix: maps the level of stakeholder influence against the level of stakeholder interest.
• Onion Diagram: indicates how involved the stakeholders are with the solution, which stakeholders will directly interact with the solution or participate in a business process, which are part of the larger organization, and which are outside the organization.
Responsibility (RACI) Matrix
RACI stands for the four types of responsibility that a stakeholder may hold on the initiative: Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed. When completing a RACI matrix, it is important to ensure that all stakeholders or stakeholder groups
have been identified.
- Responsible (R): the persons who will be performing the work on the task.
- Accountable (A): the person who is ultimately held accountable for successful completion of the task and is the decision maker. Only one stakeholder receives this assignment.
- Consulted (C): the stakeholder or stakeholder group who will be asked to provide an opinion or information about the task. This assignment is often provided to the subject matter experts (SMEs).
- Informed (I): a stakeholder or stakeholder group that is kept up to date on the task and notified of its outcome. Informed is different from Consulted as with Informed the communication is one-direction (business analyst to stakeholder) and with Consulted the communication is two-way.
Personas
A persona is defined as a fictional character or archetype that exemplifies the way a typical user interacts with a product. Personas are helpful when there is a desire to understand the needs held by a group or class of users.
State Modelling
State modelling is used to describe and analyze the different possible states of an entity within a system, how that entity changes from one state to another, and what can happen to the entity when it is in each state. An entity is an object or concept within a system. An entity may be used in several processes. The life cycle of every entity has a beginning and an end.
State (State modelling)
An entity has a finite number of states during its life cycle, although it can be in more than one state at a time. Each state is described with a name and the activities that could be performed while in that state.
State Transition
How the entity changes or transitions from one state to another could be determined by the steps of a process, by business rules, or by information content.
State Diagram
A state diagram shows the life cycle of one entity, beginning when the entity first comes into existence and moving through all of the different states that the entity may have until it is discarded and no longer of use.
State Table
A state table is a two-dimensional matrix showing states and the transitions between them. It can be used during elicitation and analysis either as an alternative, a precursor, or a complement to a state diagram.
Survey or Questionnaire
Used to elicit business analysis information—including information about customers, products, work practices, and attitudes—from a group of people in a structured way and in a relatively short period of time. A survey or questionnaire presents a set of questions to stakeholders and subject matter experts (SMEs), whose responses are then collected and analyzed in order to formulate knowledge about the subject matter of interest.
SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis is used to identify the overall state of an organization both internally and externally. Evaluates an organization’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to both internal and external conditions.
SWOT is an acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats:
• Strengths (S): anything that the assessed group does well. May include experienced personnel, effective processes, IT systems, customer relationships, or any other internal factor that leads to success.
• Weaknesses (W): actions or functions that the assessed group does poorly or not at all.
• Opportunities (O): external factors of which the assessed group may be able to take advantage. May include new markets, new technology, changes in the competitive marketplace, or other forces.
• Threats (T): external factors that can negatively affect the assessed group. They may include factors such as the entrance into the market of a new competitor, economic downturns, or other forces.
Use Cases and Scenarios
Describe how a person or system interacts with the solution being modelled to achieve a goal. Describe the interactions between the primary actor, the solution, and any secondary actors needed to achieve the primary actor’s goal. describes the possible outcomes of an attempt to accomplish a particular goal that the solution will support.
