TD 52

Question 1

What does RAIM stand for and what is it?

Answer 1

Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring

(AIM 1-1-28)
Ensures that available satellite signal meets the integrity requirements for at given phase of flight. In other words, it ensures the accuracy of the GPS signal.

With a WAAS GPS receiver, RAIM checks are not required.
(RAIM faults can be checked with GPS NOTAMS)

Question 2

What route should be followed after a two-way radio failure?

Answer 2

I prioriteret rækkefølge:
1. Route assigned by ATC
2. (If vectored) as specified in vector clearance
3. Next expected route by advice from ATC
4. As filed in flight plan

Question 3

What altitude should you maintain after a two-radio failure?

Answer 3

(Whatever is highest of the following)
1. Last altitude or FL assigned by ATC
2. Minimum altitude for IFR operations
3. Next expected altitude by advice from ATC

Question 4

When should you leave clearance limit? (two-way radio failure)

Answer 4

Leave clearance limit fix as close to EFC time (if received) or ETA (as filed) as possible and commence descent or descent and APP.

Basically: Come down and look for lights.

If clearance limit is not a fix from which an APP begins: proceed to a such fix and follow the directions above.

Question 5

How are reporting points identified and are you required to report at each point?

Answer 5

Marked as triangles along an airway.
Filled in = Compulsory
Not filled in = Non-compulsory

You are only required to report passing on the compulsory ones, unless requested otherwise by ATC.

Question 6

Are you required to report at every reporting point when flying along a direct route?

Answer 6

Yes, to define the route of flight (regardless of altitude or FL)

Question 7

What should you report to ATC on initial contact when operating in a radar environment?

Answer 7

1. Assigned altitude: Level, climbing to, or descending to.
2. If climbing or descending, the altitude/FL you’re leaving.

Examples:
“Cairns APP, Bells 21, At 3000’ - Level”
Or
“Cairns APP, Bells 21, Leaving 1800’ - Climbing 3000”

Question 8

When should you make additional reports to ATC or FSS without a specific request?

Answer 8

1. When leaving a previously assigned altitude for a new one
2. When unable to climb/descent with at least 500 FPM
3. Missed Approach (request clearance - What do you wanna do)
4. When TAS varies by 5 percent og 10 knots (whichever is greater) from that filed in the flight plan

(Entering (time + alt) and leaving holding point or fix - Not required for the army)

Question 9

What is FMS

Answer 9

Flight Management System (provides performance and RNAV guidance to displays and AFCS)

An integrated suite of sensors, receivers, and computers, coupled with a navigation database. Inputs come from GPS, DME, VOR, LOC, and IRU.

Question 10

Name all the reporting point items (8)

Answer 10

1. ID
2. Position
3. Time
4. Altitude or FL
5. Type of flight plan (Not required in IFR position reports made directly to ARTCCs or APP CTR)
6. ETA and name of next reporting point
7. The name only of the next succeeding reporting point along the route of flight
8. Pertinent remarks

Question 11

What items is included in a holding clearance from ATC when no pattern is charted?

Answer 11

1. Direction of holding from the fix (cardinal heading)
2. Name (holding fix)
3. Radial, course, bearing, airway or route on which to hold
4. Leg length (time or distance)
   - Dist. is only for DME or RNAV
5. Left/Right turn (if nothing stated, it is a standard right-turn pattern)
6. Time for EFC

Question 12

What is the purpose of the EFC time in holding clearances?

Answer 12

1. It lets the aviator know how long he/she is expected to remain in a holding pattern
2. It provides him/her with a clearance time to leave the holding pattern if two-way radio failure occurs

Question 13

Is the outbound side of a holding pattern based on aircraft heading or course?

Answer 13

Aircraft heading

Question 14

Is the inbound side of a holding pattern based on aircraft heading or course?

Answer 14

Course

Question 15

If you arrive at a clearance limit before receiving any further instructions, how should you proceed?

Answer 15

Maintain the last assigned altitude and begin holding according to the depicted holding pattern

Question 16

How do you hold at your latest clearance limit if no holding pattern is depicted?

Answer 16

Begin a standard holding pattern on the course upon which the fix is approached. Immediately request further clearance.

Question 17

When no delay is expected, how soon will ATC issue holding instructions to a fix?

Answer 17

At least 5 minutes before arrival at the fix

Question 18

When there is a published holding pattern, how will ATC issue a clearance?

Answer 18

Specify the cardinal heading on which to hold.

“Cleared to DARED, hold south as published”

Question 19

How do you identify the MAP on a non-precision approach with LOC?

Answer 19

By timing (if depicted on the IAP)

Question 20

When does outbound timing start when holding at an intersection?

Answer 20

At completion of outbound turn, since a magnetic bearing (ex. 330 deg) cannot be determined

Question 21

If arriving at the approach fix before ETA, how do you hold?

Answer 21

Hold until the ETA as calculated through the flight plan or as ammended with ATC:

Arrival holding pattern
Holding pattern in lieu of procedure turn
On the final approach course on the procedure turn side

Question 22

What do you do if more than one approach fix is available?

Answer 22

Choose the one most appropriate for the situation, as ATC protects airspace at ALL of them

Question 23

How do you proceed with missed approach in case of lost commo?

Answer 23

Compute alternate route and ETE starting from:

Missed approach point to missed approach holding point.
One holding pattern.
Then by most direct reasonable routing to the IAF at the alternate.

Question 24

What should you do in case of lost commo during radar approach (ASR or PAR)

Answer 24

Attempt to contact on a different frequency
If unable to do so, maintain VMC

OR

If no altitude was specified, climb to MSA or ESA