TCVS Flashcards
The most common risk factor associated with thromboangitis obliteralis is _________.
Cigarette smoking
Initial treatment for thromboangitis obliterans?
Strict smoking cessation
Most common cardiac tumor
Cardiac myxomas
Loss of the radial pulse in the arm by rotating head to the ipsilateral side with extended neck following deep inspiration associated with thoracic outlet syndrome
Adson sign
FEV1 indicating the ability to tolerate pneumonectomy?
2.0L ( 1.5 L for lobectomy)
ABI indicating increased risk of myocardial infarction and indicates significant although asymptomatic , underlying peripheral vascular disease.
<0.90
Most common symptom of acute aortic dissection
Pain
CABG advantage over PCI.
Three-vessel CAD.
TWO VESSEL CAD with involvement of the left anterior descending artery LAD or stenosis of the left main coronary artery MCA.
Vascular conduits used in coronary artery bypass grafts?
Internal thoracic artery
Saphenous vein
Radial artery
Pulmonary rehabilitation
Deep breathing exercise
Early mobilization
Incentive spirometry
Test necessary to characterize pulmonary nodule number, location, size, margin morphology, calcification pattern, and growth rate of solitary pulmonary nodules?
Chest CT scan
Management of transfusion related acute lung injury
Stop transfusion
Causes of non-pulmonary thoracic symptoms?
Primary tumor invasion of the vagus nerve and right laryngeal nerve
Management of early lung cancer ( T1, T2, and T3 without N1)
Surgical resection via video-assisted lobectomy or pneumonectomy
Malignancy affects the pulmonary apex progressively affecting the brachial nerve
Pancoast tumor
Presents with pain and weakness of the arm and hand muscles.
Lung cancer least associated with smoking?
Adenocarcinoma
Next work up for substernal chest pain after trial of PPI and unremarkable endoscopic findings
Cardiac work up
Which is not used during CABG?
Jugular vein
On routine pre-employment check up , a 40yo woman was found to have a 1.5 cm circular , peripheral density in her right upper lobe on chest radiograph. What should be the next test to be done for evaluation?
Contrast enhanced CT Scan
The most common primary tumor involving the heart is ______?
Myxoma
The ideal force expiratory volume 1 second (FEV1) value of a patient with left lung carcinoma who is to undergo pneumonectomy is _______?
2.5L
Ankle brachial index value of less than 0.9 is a good measurement to determine a patients risk to develop what disease?
Arterial obstruction
Coronary heart disease
What is the most common symptom of acute aortic dissection?
Severe pain
Most frequently encountered neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum in adults.
Thymoma
Indications for repair of aortic aneurysms in asymptomatic patients w/o connective tissue disorders? (4)
- Ascending aortic aneurysms >5.5 cm diameter
- Descending aortic aneurysm >6.5 cm diameter
- Abdominal aorta >5.5cm
- Rate of dilatation >1cm / yr for thoracic aorta / >0.5 cm for abdominal aorta
What is the Normal aortic diameter?
2-3cm
What layer has the Strongest tensile strength of the bowel wall?
Submucosa
What layer has the Strongest tensile strength of the GIT wall?
Submucosa
What layer has the Strongest tensile strength of the aortic wall?
Tunica mefia
Surgical Repair used in hypoplastic left heart syndrome? (3)
- Norwood
- Glenn
- Modified Fontan
Palliative Surgical Repair used in TGA ?
Rastelli
Surgical Repair used in arterial switch? (2)
- Senning
- Mustard
Palliative Surgical Repair used in TOF?
Blalock- Taussig Shunt
What are the two classification schemes used in aortic dissections?
DeBakey & Stanford Classification System
Stanford does not distinguish patients with isolated ascending aortic dissection and patients with dissection involving the entire aorta.
DeBakey Type I classification & Type II has the same definition with Stanford A and DeBakey III with Stanford B.
What type of Aortic dissection classification which involves the ascending & descending aorta?
DeBakey Type I & Stanford A
What type of Aortic dissection classification which involves the ascending aorta only?
DeBakey Type II & Stanford A
What type of Aortic dissection classification which involves the descending aorta only?
DeBakey Type III & Stanford B
Refers to the dissections that originate distal to the left Subclavian artery but extend proximally and distally , most above the diaphragm?
DeBakey Type IIIa
Refers to the dissections that originate distal to the left Subclavian artery but extend proximally and distally , most below the diaphragm?
DeBakey Type III b
