Pedia Surgery Flashcards
Criteria used to stratify neonates who have esophageal atresia and / or tracheoesophageal fistula into prognostic categories based on birth weight, the presence of pneumonia, and the identification of other congenital anomalies.
Waterston Criteria
Omphalocele features
- Remnant of amnion are not absorbed
- Abdominal organs in the hernia
- Not covered by membranes
- Abdominal wall defect in midline
Common cause of inguinal hernia in infancy?
Patent processus vaginalis
Commonly injured nerve in the surgical closure of PDA.
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Self-limited disease most often confused with acute appendicitis in children?
Acute mesenteric adenitis
Pain is usually diffused , Tenderness is not as sharply localized
An 8 yo / M swallowed a one peso coin 3hrs PTC. Plain abd xray is compatible with the foreign body being located at the gastro-duodenal area. As teh attending dr, what will you advice the parents?
Clinical observation
A newborn baby girl presents with persistent non-bilous vomiting and failure to thrive. This is clinically suspicious for ________?
Hypertropjic pyloric stenosis
Which of the following best describes gastrochisis?
There is no overlying sac
Defect in the abdominal wall associated with Beckwith-Weidemann Syndrome
Omphalocele
Syndrome of lax lower abdominal musculature , dilated urinary tract , and bilateral undescended testes
Prune belly syndrome
Directional mobility of mesenteric cysts?
Lateral
Omental cysts - mobile in all directions
Rule of 2’s of Meckels diverticulum
A. 2% of the population
B. 2:1 male predominance
C. 2 feet proximal to ileoceccal valve
D. 1/2 of symptomatic are <2yo
E. 2 types of mucosae ( gastric & pancreatic)
F. 2 inches in length
Remember that the rule of 2 is just a rough guide. For example , the usual distance of Meckels is whithin 100cm from the IVC , not 2 feet.
Sign seen in abdominal ultrasound of intussusception where two rings of low echogenicity are separated by a hyperechoic ring.
Donut sign / Target sign
Most common and lethal gastrointestinal disorder affecting preterm neonate?
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Pertains to Osteonecrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis of the pediatric hip and is thought to be due to vascular compromise?
Legg Calve Perthes / Cox Plana
The most common location of congenital diaphragmatic hernia is ?
Left posterolateral
Bochdalek’s hernia / Congenital Diaphragmatic hernia is common on the left by 80-90% of the cases.
Is the caudal displacement of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum?
Chiari I Malformation
Usually asymptomatic but if with symptoms it may pressent :
- headache , neck pain, symptoms of myelopathy, including numbness or weakness in the extremities
More severe and involves caudal displacement of the lower brain stem and stretching of the lower cranial nerves.
Chiari II malformation
Beckwith - Weidemann anomalies? (5)
Macrohlossia
Macrosomia
Hypoglycemia
Visceromegaly
Omphalocele
Cantrell Pentalogy? (5)
Lower thoracic wall malformation
1. Cleft sternum
2. Ectopia cordis
3. Epigastric omphalocele
4. Ant midline diaphragmatic hernia
5. Cardiac anomalies
