TCP/IP Stack and OSI Model

Question 1

What is the OSI Model?

Answer 1

A standard architecture that defines network communications

Question 2

True or False: The OSI Model is a competing standard to the TCP/IP Model?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the 7 layers of the OSI Model?

Answer 3

1. Physical Layer
2. Datalink Layer
3. Network Layer
4. Session Layer
5. Transport Layer
6. Presentation Layer
7. Application Layer

Question 4

What layer does the network aware application reside?

Answer 4

Layer 7 - Application

Question 5

DNS and DHCP reside at which layer of the OSI Model?

Answer 5

Layer 7 - Application

Question 6

Which layer synchronizes and establishes and agreement on procedures for error recovery and control of data integrity?

Answer 6

Layer 7 - Application

Question 7

What layer generifies a request into something that is more understandable for computers to understand?

Answer 7

Layer 6 - Presentation

Question 8

HTML, JPEG, MP3 live on this layer

Answer 8

Layer 6 - Presentation

Question 9

This layer formats and uses generic encryption for data

Answer 9

Layer 6 - Presentation

Question 10

SSL Encryption happens at this layer

Answer 10

Layer 6 - Presentation

Question 11

This layer establishes, manages, and terminates sessions between two communicating hosts

Answer 11

Layer 5 - Session

Question 12

This layer manages the session with Keep Alive to keep the session running

Answer 12

Layer 5 - Session

Question 13

The Application, Presentation and the Session layers are known as the ________________ layers

Answer 13

Computer

Question 14

What are the two major functions of the Transport layer

Answer 14

Establishing the protocol (TCP, UDP, ICMP, etc.) and the port that that protocol will use

Question 15

This layer breaks down large files into smaller segments that are less likely to incur transmission problems

Answer 15

Layer 4 - Transport

Question 16

True or False: Flow control is the process of adjusting the flow of data from the sender to ensure that the receiving host can handle all of it

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What layer does Flow Control live at?

Answer 17

Layer 4 - Transport

Question 18

What is session multiplexing?

Answer 18

The process of tracking and keeping control of the different sessions on a host

Question 19

This layer defines services to segment, transfer and reassemble the data for individual communications between the end devices

Answer 19

Layer 4 - Transport

Question 20

This layer tells the data where to go

Answer 20

Layer 3 - Network

Question 21

This is the layer of logical addressing

Answer 21

Layer 3 - Network

Question 22

This layer is responsible for QoS

Answer 22

Layer 3 - Network

Question 23

IP Addresses live at this layer

Answer 23

Layer 3 - Network

Question 24

What is TTL?

Answer 24

It’s Time to Live. It works to keep a packet from looping on forever

Question 25

This layer provides connectivity and path selection between two host systems that may be located on geographically separated networks.

Answer 25

Layer 3 - Network

Question 26

What is the maximum size of an ethernet packet by default

Answer 26

1500 byte MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit)

Question 27

This layer deal with the physical address

Answer 27

Layer 2 - Datalink

Question 28

How many bits is a MAC Address?

Answer 28

48 bit hexadecimal

Question 29

Frames live at this layer

Answer 29

Layer 2 - Datalink

Question 30

Packets live at this layer

Answer 30

Layer 3 - Network

Question 31

Segments reside on this layer

Answer 31

Layer 4 - Transport

Question 32

Spanning Tree Protocol is used on which layer?

Answer 32

Layer 2 - Datalink

Question 33

VLANS are used on which layer

Answer 33

Layer 2 - Datalink

Question 34

This layer provides the hardware the means of sending and receiving data, including defining cables, interface cards and physical aspects

Answer 34

Layer 1 - Physical

Question 35

This layer is typically known as the cabling layer

Answer 35

Layer 1 - Physical

Question 36

This layer enables bit transmission between end devices

Answer 36

Layer 1 - Physical

Question 37

Fiber lives at this layer

Answer 37

Layer 1 - Physical

Question 38

The layer where everything gets converted to binary, on and off, electric on and off, light on and off, etc

Answer 38

Layer 1 - Physical

Question 39

What is FCS and what does it do?

Answer 39

Frame Check Sequence. It is error detecting code added to a frame in the datalink layer

Question 40

What process takes place during packet creation?

Answer 40

Encapsulation

Question 41

What is a PDU?

Answer 41

Stands for Protocol Data Unit. It's a chunk of data comprised of Data, Segments, Packets, Frames and Bits.

Question 42

What is a typical packet comprised of?

Answer 42

FCS Data TCP/UDP Ports Source IP Destination IP Source MAC Destination MAC Preamble Length/Ethertype

Question 43

Refers to interfaces between network and application software. Also includes authentication services

Answer 43

Layer 7 Application

Question 44

Defines the format and organization of data. Includes encryption.

Answer 44

Layer 6 Presentation

Question 45

Establishes and maintains end-to-end bidirectional flows between endpoints. Includes managing transaction flows.

Answer 45

Layer 5 Session

Question 46

Provides a variety of services between two host computers, including connection establishment and termination, flow control, error recovery, and segmentation large data blocks into smaller parts for transmission

Answer 46

Layer 4 Transport

Question 47

Refers to logical addressing, routing and path determination

Answer 47

Layer 3 Network

Question 48

Formats data into frames appropriate for transmission onto some physical medium. Defines rules for when the medium can be used. Defines the means by which to recognize transmission errors

Answer 48

Layer 2 Datalink

Question 49

Defines the electrical, optical, cabling connectors, and procedural details required for transmitting bits represented as some form of energy passing over a physical medium

Answer 49

Layer 1 Physical

Question 50

What are the 4 TCP/IP Stack Layer?

Answer 50

Application Transport Internet Network Access

Question 51

As far as the TCP/IP Stack goes what function represents the data to the user and controls dialogue?

Answer 51

Application Layer

Question 52

As far as the TCP/IP Stack goes what function supports communication between diverse devices across diverse networks?

Answer 52

Transport

Question 53

As far as the TCP/IP Stack goes what function determines the best path through the network?

Answer 53

Internet

Question 54

Provides the IP Address of a website or domain name so that a host can connect to it

Answer 54

DNS

Question 54

As far as the TCP/IP Stack goes what function controls the hardware devices and media that make up the network?

Answer 54

Network Access

Question 55

Enables administrators to log into a host from a remote location

Answer 55

Telnet

Question 56

Facilitates the sending of email messages between clients and servers

Answer 56

SMTP, POP3 and IMAP

Question 57

Assigns IP Addresses to requesting clients

Answer 57

DHCP

Question 58

Transfers information between web clients and web servers

Answer 58

HTTP

Question 59

Facilitates the download and upload of files between an FTP Client and an FTP server

Answer 59

FTP

Question 60

Enables network management systems to monitor devices attached to the network

Answer 60

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

Question 61

Supports virtual connections between hosts on the network to provide reliable delivery of data

Answer 61

TCP

Question 62

Supports faster, unreliable delivery of lightweight or time sensitive data

Answer 62

UDP

Question 63

Provides a unique global address to computers for communicating over a network

Answer 63

IP

Question 64

Finds a hosts hardware address when only the IP address is known

Answer 64

ARP

Question 65

Sends error and control messages, including reachability of another host and availability of services

Answer 65

IMCP

Question 66

Serves as the most popular LAN standard for framing and preparing data for transmission on the media

Answer 66

Ethernet

Question 67

Includes both IEEE 802.11 standards for wireless WLANS and cellular access options

Answer 67

Wireless

Question 68

What is the HTTP Request Succeeded Code?

Answer 68

200

Question 69

This layer supports error recovery to the application layer through the use of basic acknowledgement

Answer 69

Transport

Question 70

Function that enables receiving hosts to choose the correct application for which the data is destined, based on the destination port number

Answer 70

Multiplexing Using Ports

Question 71

Process of numbering and acknowledging data with Sequence and Acknowledgement header fields

Answer 71

Error Recovery (Reliability)

Question 72

Process that involves sliding window size that the two end devices dynamically agree upon at various point during the virtual connection. The window size, represented in bytes, is the maximum amount of data the source will send before receiving an acknowledgement from the destination

Answer 72

Flow control using windowing

Question 73

Process used to initialize port numbers and Sequence and Acknowledgement fields

Answer 73

Connection establishment and termination

Question 74

A continuous stream of bytes from an upper layer process that is "segmented" for transmission and delivered to upper layer processes at the receiving device, with the bytes in the same order

Answer 74

Ordered data transfer and data segmentation

Question 75

What fields in the TCP header allow for error recovery?

Answer 75

Sequence and Acknowledgment fields

Question 76

What is the process called for TCP handling the flow control process?

Answer 76

Windowing

Question 77

What is added on to the Network Access header at the end of it?

Answer 77

Link trailer

Question 78

The process of converting data into patterns of electrical, light, or electromagnetic energy so that it can be carried on the media

Answer 78

Encoding

Question 79

What are the 3 basic forms are network media?

Answer 79

Copper Cable Fiber Optic Cable Wireless