TBI

Question 1

GCS of 13-15 is considered what level of TBI

Answer 1

Mild

Question 2

GCS of 9-12 is considered what level of TBI

Answer 2

Moderate

Question 3

GCS of 9 or less is considered what level of TBI

Answer 3

Severe

Question 4

Of primary Tbi Injuries, what are the two subtypes

Answer 4

1. Diffuse Axonal Injury

2. Cerebral Contusions

Question 5

What is a secondary injury in Tbi

Answer 5

Results from pathological processes that result in more severe and widespread damage to brain tissue - occurs post initial injury

Question 6

Define a closed tbi

Answer 6

The skull has not been penetrated

Question 7

What is Heterotopic ossification

Answer 7

Abnormal bone growth in non-bony tissue

Question 8

LOC for how long would indicate mild, moderate and severe TBI

Answer 8

Mild - 0-30min
Moderate - 30min - 24h
Severe - more than 24h

Question 9

What period of PTA would indicate mild, moderate and severe TBI

Answer 9

Mild - 0-1 day
Moderate - 1-7 days
Severe - more than 7 days

Question 10

At what ages do TBI rates peak, and why?

Answer 10

0-4 years: developmental stages, learning to walk, increased falls
15-25 years: impulsive behaviours (usually boys) MVA, fights/assaults
80+: increased falls

Question 11

What direction of trauma relating to DAI has worse outcomes?

Answer 11

Mediolateral

Question 12

5 specific cognitive related impairments affecting function

Answer 12

Memory
Planning
Insight
Concentration
Problem solving

Question 13

8 Dimensions of community mobility

Answer 13

1. Distance
2. Time constraints
3. Ambient conditions
4. Terrain characteristics
5. Physical load
6. Attentional demands
7. Postural transitions
8. Traffic

Question 14

Common clinical presentations of acute TBI (3)

Answer 14

LOC
Increased tone
PTA

Question 15

Common clinical presentations of chronic TBI

Answer 15

Spasticity
Fractures
Motor deficits (paralysis, paresis, coordination)
Sensory deficits
Heterotopic ossification
Arousal and attentional deficits
Cognitive, language and communication