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Medpsych: Test 4 > TBI > Flashcards

TBI Flashcards

1
Q

what defines a TBI?

A

Any impact or shaking of brain that stretches neurons

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2
Q

why are reports of 1.7 million TBI under representative?

A

some don’t know they have one
some don’t have health insurance
some don’t take it seriously

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3
Q

what % of concussions are mild TBI? What is mild TBI?

A

75%

concussion

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4
Q

what populations have the highest rate of TBI?

A

Infants, teens and seniors

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5
Q

WHich population is at highest risk to die from TBI?

A

seniors

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6
Q

what sex have higher prevalence of TBI?

A

males

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7
Q

What causes TBI in children and elderly?

A

Children most likely to get TBI from falls b/c they are learning to walk
Elderly is most likely to get TBI from falls b/c they are losing coordination

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8
Q

what causes TBI in teens?

A

most likely to get TBI from MVA’s due to risk taking behavior

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9
Q

what are the 3 factors that determine severity of TBI?

A
  1. Duration of Unconsciousness or altered mental status
  2. Duration of Post-Traumatic Amnesia
  3. Initial Glasgow Coma Score
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10
Q

what are the 3 categories of the Glasgow Coma Score?

A

eye responses
verbal responses
motor responses

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11
Q

what are the 4 points a pt could get for eye responses?

A
  1. No eye opening
  2. Eye opening to pain
  3. Eye opening to verbal command
  4. Eye opens spontaneously
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12
Q

what are the 5 responses a pt could get for verbal responses?

A
  1. No verbal response
  2. Incomprehensible sounds
  3. Inappropriate words
  4. Confused
  5. Oriented
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13
Q

what are the 6 responses a pt could get for motor responses?

A
  1. No motor response
  2. Extension to pain
  3. Flexion to pain
  4. Withdrawal from pain
  5. Localizing to pain
  6. Obeys commands
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14
Q

what are the 3 grades for the glasgow coma score?

A

Mild: GCS 13-15
Moderate: GCS 9-12
Severe: GCS 3-8

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15
Q

what are the 3 grades for loss of consciousness?

A

mild: 24 hours

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16
Q

what are the 3 grades of post traumatic amnesia?

A

mild: < 24 hours
moderate: 1-7 days
severe: > 7 days

17
Q

do OT’s use the glasgow coma scale to tx pt?

A

no, must tx symptoms and functioning which arent indicators of severity

18
Q

what are the 2 types of TBI?

A
  1. Closed-head (majority)

2. Open/penetrating

19
Q

what does the sequelae of TBI affect?

A

cognition
behavior
physical/sensory

20
Q

how long does it usually take mild TBI to heal and return to fxing?

A

3 months to be free of symptoms

21
Q

what are the most common chronic symptoms of TBI?

A

headaches
fatigue
irritability

22
Q

what are chronic cognitive symptoms?

A

Impaired Attention: i.e. sustained attention, selective attention
Impaired Memory: i.e. long term (semantic, episodic), short term
Impaired Speed of Info Processing
Perseverations

23
Q

what are chronic physical symptoms?

A 
Fatigue
Headaches
Dizziness
Sensitivity to Noise/Light: esp. in acute phase. i.e. phonophobia, photosensitivity
Insomnia
Paresis/loss of sensation
Weakness
24
Q

what are chronic behavioral symptoms?

A 
Emotional Lability
Irritability/loss of temper 
Anxiety 
Depression
Personality Changes
25
Q

how does TBI cause symptoms?

A

Axonal death - excitatory

Axonal stretch & disconnection

26
Q

what occurs during diffuse axonal injury?

A

Rotational Acceleration-deceleration
Tearing and Shearing of Axons
Most axonal death hours after injury

27
Q

what occurs during Persistent Vegetative state of coma?

A

Deep state of unconsciousness

Sleep-wake cycles

28
Q

what occurs during minimally conscious state of coma?

A

Little awareness & responsiveness

can respond to some stimuli

29
Q

what occurs during post traumatic amnesia state of coma?

A

Disoriented and confused

Lack of memory post head injury

Medpsych: Test 4 (8 decks)

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