TB and NTB

Question 1

The bulk of the new cases of TB are from what two countries?

Answer 1

India and China

Question 2

What is the most common mycobacterial infection in AIDS patients?

Answer 2

M. avium and M intracellulare

Question 3

Which species of NTM is most similar to MTB?

Answer 3

M. Kansasii

Question 4

Which species of NTM is most prevalent in patients with cystic fibrosis?

Answer 4

M. Abscessus

Question 5

How is turberculosis spread?

Answer 5

droplet nuclei that are inhaled

Question 6

transmission of MTB correlates with?

Answer 6

# droplet nuclei
# orgs in droplet nuclei
length of exposure

Question 7

How can we prevent mtb transmission?

Answer 7

ventilation, UV light (dec number of viable org), chemotherapy (best), masks

Question 8

What are symptoms associated with primary TB?

Answer 8

none really! clinically silent

MAYBE mild flu-like

Question 9

what do we do after we suspect TB?

Answer 9

collect 3 sputum samples at least 8 hrs apart (1 first morning)

Question 10

How do we define Multiple Drug Resistant TB?

Answer 10

Resistant to at least INH and RIF

Question 11

Whats the best way we can prevent resistance??

Answer 11

never use a single agent for disease

never add a single agent to a failing regimen

Question 12

What is recommended treatment for Latent Tuberculosis infection?

Answer 12

Isoniazid- 300 mg/day for 9 months

or rifampin 600 mg/day for 4 months

Question 13

what are potential explanations for false negative skin tests?

Answer 13

Anergy, immune suppression (drugs or disease), young age, old age, overhwhelming TB, live virus vaccination

Question 14

WHAT are IGRAs?

Answer 14

blood testing for interferon gamma release from exposure of sensitized lymphocytes to selected MTB antigens