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DI E7 > TB and AIDS > Flashcards

TB and AIDS Flashcards

0
Q

Mainstay of diagnosis of Primary TB

A

Chest radiograph

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1
Q

Most common form of PTB in infants and children under 5 years of age

A

Primary TB

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2
Q

4 Manifestations of TB

A

Parenchymal disease
Lymphadenopathy
Miliary Bodies
Atelectasis

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3
Q

Dense, homogenous consolidation, Indistinguishable from bacterial pneumonia, predominance lower and middle lobes ( adult) middle and upper (children)

A

Parenchymal disease

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4
Q

Difference Parenchymal disease and bacterial pneumonia

A

Lymphadenopathy and lack response antibiotics PD

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5
Q

Greatest ventilation area (3)

A

Lower, middle, and anterior upper lobe

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6
Q

Radiologic scar that persist, 15 % calcify

A

ghon focus

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7
Q

Mostly lymphadenopathy is
A. Bilateral R and L sided
B. Unilateral L sided
C. Unilateral R sided

A

C. Hilum and R paratracheal region

A. One third cases

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8
Q

In Ct scan active disease primary TB present as (2)- lymphadenopathy

A

> 2 diameter

Low attenuation center 2nd to necrosis

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9
Q

Maybe the sole radiograph feature

A

Lymphadenopathy

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10
Q

Mainstay of diagnosis of lymphadenopathy

A

CT scan

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11
Q

Ghon complex + calcified lymph node, suggestive of previous TB

A

Ranke Complex

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12
Q

Elderly, infants and immunocompromised person. Manifesting w/in 6 months exposure

A

Miliary TB

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13
Q

Mainstay of diagnosis of miliary TB

A

CT scan

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14
Q

Radiographic findings in miliary TB

A

Hyperinflation- earliest feature
Evenly distributed diffuse small 2-3mm nodules
Slight lower lobe predominance

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15
Q

Complex septated effusion ultrasound

A

Pleural effusion

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16
Q

Re infection with reactivation of TB, common in adolescence and adulthood

A

Postprimary TB

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17
Q

Hallmark of Postprimary TB, thick, irregular walls which become smooth and thin with successful treatment

A

Cavitation

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18
Q

Postprimary TB location.

A

Bilateral upper lobe fibrosis

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19
Q

Manifestation of Postprimary TB

A

Parenchymal disease
Airway involvement
Pleural extension

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20
Q

Earliest finding in Parenchymal disease

A

Patchy, poorly defined consolidation

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21
Q

Tree in bud sign, visible in the lung periphery

A 
Active TB (Postprimary TB)
Parenchymal disease
22
Q

Lobar collapse or hyperinflation. Obstructive pneumonia. Mucoid impaction.

A

Bronchial stenosis

23
Q

What imaging is this/kind. Long segment narrowing with irregular wall, thickening, luminal obstruction, and extrinsic compression.

A

CT scan. Airway involvement Postprimary TB

24
Q

Most common manifestation of CNS tuberculosis across all age group. Secondary to rupture of rich focus occuring on the cortex of the brain that ruptures into the subarachnoid space.

A

Tuberculous Meningitis

25
Q

Gadolinium- enhanced MRI > CT scan. Abnormal meningeal enhancement, most pronounced in the basal cisterns.

A

Radiographic Findings in tuberculous meningitis

26
Q

Complication of tuberculous meningitis

A

Communicating hydrocephalus (blockage of basal cisterns)
Ischemic infarcts
Cranial nerve involvement(2,3,4,7)

27
Q

Most common CNS parenchymal lesion.
Solitary, multiple, miliary
Frontal and parietal

A

Tuberculoma

29
Q

Most common location of head and neck TB

A

Neck nodes

30
Q

Bilateral painless cervical lymphadenitis in head and neck TB

A

Scrofula

32
Q

Central hypo intensity and hyper intensity on T1 and T2 weighted MR images, respectively.

A

MRI head and neck TB

33
Q

Most commonly affects (musculoskeletal TB). Affects all ages

A

Spinal column, pelvis, knees

34
Q

Diagnosis. Average delay of 16-19 months between the onset of symptoms and reported diagnosis. History of infection with or exposure to tuberculosis may be present. Concurrent active intra thoracic tuberculosis (

A

Musculoskeletal tuberculosis

35
Q

Hematogenous spread via the venous plexus of Batson. Infection usually begins in the anterior part of the vertebral body adjacent to the end plate. Lower thoracic and upper lumbar in location

A

Tuberculous Spondylitis

36
Q

Spread of infection into the para spinal tissues. Calcifications of the abscess. Diagnostic of TB.

A

Pott abscess (Tuberculous Spondylitis )

37
Q

Left untreated. Vertebral collapse and anterior wedging leading to kyphosis.

A

Gibbus formation (Tuberculous Spondylitis )

38
Q

Anterior scalloping. Involvement of one or more segments. Destruction of intervertebral disks. Calcified vertebral mass. Absence of sclerosis. Rarely affects the posterior vertebral elements.

A

MRI of Tuberculous Spondylitis

39
Q

CT is the modality of choice. Most common focus of extra pulmonary TB.

A

Abdominal TB

40
Q

Most common manifestation of abdominal TB. 55%-66% of patients. Mesenteric and peri pancreatic lymph node group enlargement .

A

Abdominal lymphadenopathy

41
Q

Earliest manifestation : Spasm and hyper mobility with edema of the valve . Thickening of an incompetent ileocecal valve

A

Barium enema- abdominal TB

42
Q

Most common CT scan finding: Concentric mural thickening.

A

Gastrointestinal tuberculosis

43
Q

Extrinsic compression at the level of the carina from lymphadenopathy

A

Esophageal tuberculosis

44
Q

Usually affects the Antrum and the distal body. Can simulate peptic ulcer disease. Sinus or fistula formation.

A

Gastric tuberculosis

45
Q

Nonspecific mucosal fold thickening. (Other GI TB)

A

Proximal small bowel tuberculosis

46
Q

5th most common site of extra pulmonary TB. 6% of patients with active TB. CT scan findings: Bilaterally enlarged glands associated with large hypo attenuating necrotic areas, with or without calcifications.

A

Adrenal tuberculosis

47
Q

Most common clinical manifestation of extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Hematogenously ( prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and kidneys). Direct extension ( bladder o epididymis )

A

Genitourinary tuberculosis

48
Q

Earliest abnormality= “ moth- eaten calyx” can be seen in IV urography this is due to erosions which progresses to papilliary necrosis

A

Renal tuberculosis

49
Q

CT scan. Hypoattenuating center and hyperattenuating enhancing rim

A

Tuberculous lymph nodes

50
Q

Demonstrates a thickened and deformed bladder with enhancing wall

A

Bladder TB

51
Q

Characterized by opportunistic infections, neoplasm and neurological manifestations.

A

AIDS

52
Q

Most common cause of cerebral abscess

A

Cerebral toxoplasmosis

53
Q

“Sandwich sign”

A

Gastric lymphoma

54
Q

Distal third of the ureter is most commonly involved. Stricture predilections pelviureteric junctio, across the pelvic brim, vesicoureteric junction.

A

Ureteric tuberculosis

59
Q

CT scan. It appears as round or lobulated masses with low or high attenuation, homogenous or ring enhancement, irregular walls of varying thickness. TARGET SIGN

A

Tuberculoma

DI E7 (3 decks)

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