TB Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What bacterium causes TB?

A

Myobacterium tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does TB infect people?

A

Droplet infection – tiny droplets containing bacteria are inhaled into the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What other factors affect TB?

A
  • Poor diet
  • Poor health
  • Overcrowded living conditions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 phases of TB?

A
  • Primary infection
  • Latent TB
  • Active TB
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain primary infection of TB - 7

A
  • Bacteria cause inflammatory response from immune system
  • Macrophages engulf bacteria
  • Bacteria survive and replicate inside the macrophages
  • Bacteria sealed off inside infected macrophages
  • In anaerobic tissue masses called tubercules
  • Bacteria lie dormant
  • Person has latent TB and no obvious symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Explain active TB - 4

A
  • If immune system is suppressed e.g by HIV
  • Dormant bacteria reactivated and overcome immune system
  • In the lungs the bacteria multiply and rapidly destroy lung tissue
  • Creates cavities and holes in the lungs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How long can the length of time between active TB and infection be?

A

Weeks/years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

List the symptoms of TB - 7

A
  • Lack of appetite leading to weight loss
  • Fever
  • Night sweats
  • Severe coughing leading to inflammation of lungs
  • Respiratory failure and eventually death
  • Extreme fatigue
  • Shortness of breath
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does TB affect the body other than lungs?

A

Can infect: brain, kidneys, glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe a test for TB

A
  • Small amount of tuberculin injected under forearm skin

- Positive result - inflamed area under injection site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What causes the inflamed reaction in the test for TB?

A

Antibodies, indicating TB antigens are already present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give 2 other tests for TB

A
  • Chest X-rays

- Identification of bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How can TB be treated? 3

A
  • Combination of 4 antibiotic drugs
  • All given for 2 months
  • 2 continued for a further 2 months
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly