Taxonomy Flashcards
Which bacteria does not stain with any staining?
Spiral shaped bacteria + bacteria that does grow inside the host cell
Who does Showed microbes caused fermentation & spoilage
•Disproved spontaneous generation of microbes
•Developed aseptic techniques.البسترة
•Developed anthrax and rabies and cholera vaccine. كان عندة معمل لبسترة حليب البقر والكلاب تحرسه
Louis pasteur
•Developed: pure culture methods.
•Identified: cause of anthrax, TB, & Cholera. ده فري بتري /وزرع ئه ي تشته يله
Robert koukh
Which type of organisms have no organelles apart of ribosome and chromosomes ?
Prokaryotes
How is the Scientific nomenclature of microbes?
Geneus followed by speicies
اول كابيتال ثاني سمول
هردووكي وه لاري
Ex/Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)
Viruses that depend on other viruses for replication
Satellite viruses
Ex/ hepatitis D is incapsid within hepatitis B
Single stranded closed circular(( RNA)) , That has no capsid
Viroids
1/A single circular strand of ((RNA))
2/that cause plant diseases
3/ and has no capsid and
4/ does not code for proteins
5/and use the host’s RNA polymerase to self replicate
بروتين دروست نيكه د مجرد وجودي ارا بطاطه نه خوه شييه
Viroids
β-sheets have been recognized as the basic building blocks of ………proteins بروتينات بطيات خاطئة يتم تشفيرها من قبل دنا الخليه نفسها أي أنها ليست دخيلة
Prions
A protein that is associated with brain diseases , (prpc) پرپکand has partial resistance to proteolysis (prpres) پرپریسand proteases(digestion)
Prion protein
is the process of producing individual organisms with identical or virtually identical DNA, either by natural or artificial means.
Cloning استنساخ
They are nonphotosynthetic protists
Fungi
the vegetative part of a fungus or fungus-like bacterial colony, consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae.
Mycelium
Interlacing hyphae
Mycelium or called shiro .
Are prokaryotic protista
Cynobacteria
Archaeabacteria
Eukaryotic protista
1/single cellular ……….
2/ single or multicellular
1/Protozoa
2/Algae (kelps)/Fungi
Single celled fungi that do not form mycelium
Yeasts
Multicelled fungi that do form hyphae , mycelium
Molds
Who does cultivated viruses in cell cultures
John enders
at variance of prokaryotes , eukaryotic cytoplasmic membrane contain …………..
Sterols (cholesterol)
Prokaryote internal structures are
Ribosom
Nucleoid
Actin cytoskeleton
Cell wall in ………….. is absent or is composed of chitin or cellulose if present .
Eukaryotes
Ex/plants
microbes without cell wall
Tenericutes (تنر)
microbes with atipical peptidoglycan
Mendosicutes (moody ,شیته)
Gram-negative bacteria ………….. Gram-positive bacteria…………..
1/Gracilicutes ( گراچلی ، قینی له صبغه ی غرام تید)
2/fermicutes( firmly صبغه ي غرام وه ركرد)
Flagella is composed of ………….. protein , which is antigenic( ……….. antigen)
Flagellin , H
About bacteria:-
Allmost all……..are motile
Allmost 1/2 of ……….. are motile
Allmost all ……….. are not motile
Spiral shaped
Bacillus
Cocci
Tuft of flagella at one end لافاو له يه ك لا
Lophotrichous
One flagella at one end …………..
2 flagella (one at each end) ………….
The bacteria is covered with flagella all around …………..
Monotrichous
Amphitrichous
Peritrichous
Bacteria
Neutrophile prefer ………..PH , Acidophile…………..,Alkalophile………….
5to8
Below 5.5
Higher than 8.5
All ………. Shaped bacteria ,are microaerophiles
Spiral
……………is halophil ,………….is osmotolerant ,………….Acidophile…………..alkalophile
Vibrio parahaeymolyticus. هاهاهاهاهاهاهاه
Staphylococci
Lactobacillus دولمه ی ترش
Vibrio cholera دولمه ی تفت لذا فلانی تفت که یمن
……………. Reactions release energy , ………….. requires energy
Catabolic
Anabolic
The movement of ions down their electrochemical gradient .
Chemiosmosis
ATP synthetase enzyme , use …………… movement during …………..+…………..
Chemiosmosis
photosynthesis +cellular respiration .
1NADH =……..ATP
1FADH2 =…….ATP
3
2
The formation of CO2 in krebs cycle ,is about ………….of C atom
Reduction
In fermentation , …………… acts like final electron acceptor.
Organic compouds EX/كحولي أثيلي +حمض لاكتيك
Organized bacteria in genera and species
Otto muller
Beginning oof taxonomic classification by
Carolus linnaeus
Anthrax
Cause…………….vaccine………….
Robert kukh
Luis pasteur
مجرد RNA وبروتين دروست نيكةدو نةخوشي كةد وة نباتات
Viroids
بروتينة بطية خاطئة ،خوةي وةك قالب كاركةد ارا انتاج زياتر لةخوةي ، نةخوةشي وة مواشي وانسان كةد
بريون
A sexual non-motile spore of fungus
Conidium
A photosynthetic bacteria
Purple
فد فایروس داخل الخلیه من دون غطائها البروتیني
Virion or viroid
Virion
Proposed germ theory of disease
Louis pasteur + robert kokh
