Bacterial Structure Flashcards
spirillum being rigid with ……….. flagella, and spirochetes being flexible with …………flagella.
1/external
2/internal (وایر تلفون)
A sexuall reproduction of prokaryotic cells is ………….whereas asexuall reproduction of eukaryotic cells is …………..
1/binary fission الأنشطار الثنائي
2/ Mitosis
…………. Is a bacterium that is found in intestine and soil and do swarming despite it has flagella
التجمهر والتحشد،اي الوقوف عن الحركة
Proteus mirabilis
only ……………..are spore- formers
Specific gram-positive rods
acid-fast stain is retained only by a few bacte- ria that have a characteristic of ……………. هذا النوع من البكتريا تبقي هذه الصبغه بينما الآخرون يتم ازالتها عنهم بواسطه محلول حمضي
lipid-rich cell wall (mycobacterium)
The flagellum is affixed to the bac teria by a …………..
basal body.
The flagella allows the bacteria a movement called …………
Chemotaxis
…………. Has periplasmic flagella
Spirochettes(internally).
E.coli is ………….while , shigella has no flagella
Peritrichous
من كان يظن ان البكتريا يلتصق و يعوم بواسطة ……………
Pilli قضيبه
Capsules are made of ……………… , but Bacillus anthracis, is unique in that its capsule is made up of……………
1/simple residues of sugar.
2/amino acid residues.
انثراكس ينثر الأحماض الأمينية
the most common fungus that causes serious infection worldwide.
Cryptococcus
Bacterial cell surface has ………… charge
Negative
…………staining , for those bacteria who have capsule
Negative
2 tests that enable doctors , with identifying the encapsulated bacteria
1/ negative staining
2/ quellung reaction کوێ ڵانگ
We can remove bacterial cell wall by …………… (artifiscial)
Hydrolysis with Lysozyme enzyme +proteoglycan synthesis prevention with antibiotics.
L-form bacteria(بكتريا أزيل عنها جدار الخلية ومع ذلك لازالت قادرة على الأصابة بالمرض) ,…………..is gram positive , …………….is gram negative
1/protoplast
2/spheroplast
The only group of bacteria ,that has no cell wall is …………..ولهذا السبب ماعندهه شكل معرف ولكن تقاوم المضادات الحيوية التي تعمل على منع توليف جدار الخليه
Mycoplasma
It is the major surface antigen of gram positive bacteria
Teichoic acid
…………………(عبارة عن عربانة مال البكتريا الغرام المثبتة)
,plays a key role in growth of the cell wall (peptidoglycan)
Bactoprenol , transfere NAG +NAM
NAG +NAM , are ………….together they are a …………..
Amino sugars
Disaccharide
Prokaryotic cells has no sterol(cholestrol) in their cytoplasmic membrane , accept ………….
Mycoplasma
An enzyme that is also called penicillin binding protein PBP
حيث يلصق سلاسل الأحماض الأمينيه الجانبيه ببعضها البعض
فد انزيم وفي للبكتريا
Transpeptidase
…………… bacteria have a periplasmic space
مابين الغشاء البلازمي الثاني وطبقة الببتيدو غليكان من خلفه 🤗
Gram negative
The periplasmic space of gram negative bacteria contain
Gel +proteins +enzymes
The tetrapeptide side chain is attached to the……………in peptidoglycan unit
Muramic acid (NAMنام) then glucosamine (NAGناگ)
in both gram( +&-)
Teichoic acid is formed of polymers of
Glycerol or ribitol phosphate
Murein(يارو لةناو جوكر بي)
lipoprotein is specific to
Peptidoglycan of Gram negative
Embedded in the gram-negative outer membrane are ……………., which allow passage of nutrients. Which are also unique to them . دوو سى قاپی دیرن لذا محتاج ساقیین
Porin proteins
In gram negative ……………. originates from the peptidoglycan (from tetra side chain)layer and extends outward to bind the unique second outer membrane.
Murein lipoprotein
Alcohol and acetone affect which bacteria more?
Gram negative ,
it partially dissolves LPS layer .
Why DPT vaccine cause fever ?
Because of LPS of bordetella pertusis
Diphtheria+clostridium tetanus toxoids
Acellular pertusis
Why gram negative bacteria is Resistant to lysozyme and penicillin attack
Because of LPS protection .
Which bacteria can be detected by acid fast stain
Mycobacterium or mycoplasma
Mycobacterium because it has lipid rich cell wall
Function of teichoic acid
Provide flexibility to the cell wall
Attract cations
Diseases caused by L-form bacteria is treated with …………..
Tetracycline لأن تؤثر على انتاج البروتين
