Bacterial Structure

Question 1

spirillum being rigid with ……….. flagella, and spirochetes being flexible with …………flagella.

Answer 1

1/external
2/internal (وایر تلفون)

Question 2

A sexuall reproduction of prokaryotic cells is ………….whereas asexuall reproduction of eukaryotic cells is …………..

Answer 2

1/binary fission الأنشطار الثنائي
2/ Mitosis

Question 3

…………. Is a bacterium that is found in intestine and soil and do swarming despite it has flagella
التجمهر والتحشد،اي الوقوف عن الحركة

Answer 3

Proteus mirabilis

Question 4

only ……………..are spore- formers

Answer 4

Specific gram-positive rods

Question 5

acid-fast stain is retained only by a few bacte- ria that have a characteristic of ……………. هذا النوع من البكتريا تبقي هذه الصبغه بينما الآخرون يتم ازالتها عنهم بواسطه محلول حمضي

Answer 5

lipid-rich cell wall (mycobacterium)

Question 6

The flagellum is affixed to the bac­ teria by a …………..

Answer 6

basal body.

Question 7

The flagella allows the bacteria a movement called …………

Answer 7

Chemotaxis

Question 8

…………. Has periplasmic flagella

Answer 8

Spirochettes(internally).

Question 9

E.coli is ………….while , shigella has no flagella

Answer 9

Peritrichous

Question 10

من كان يظن ان البكتريا يلتصق و يعوم بواسطة ……………

Answer 10

Pilli قضيبه

Question 11

Capsules are made of ……………… , but Bacillus anthracis, is unique in that its capsule is made up of……………

Answer 11

1/simple residues of sugar.
2/amino acid residues.
انثراكس ينثر الأحماض الأمينية

Question 12

the most common fungus that causes serious infection worldwide.

Answer 12

Cryptococcus

Question 13

Bacterial cell surface has ………… charge

Answer 13

Negative

Question 14

…………staining , for those bacteria who have capsule

Answer 14

Negative

Question 15

2 tests that enable doctors , with identifying the encapsulated bacteria

Answer 15

1/ negative staining
2/ quellung reaction کوێ ڵانگ

Question 16

We can remove bacterial cell wall by …………… (artifiscial)

Answer 16

Hydrolysis with Lysozyme enzyme +proteoglycan synthesis prevention with antibiotics.

Question 17

L-form bacteria(بكتريا أزيل عنها جدار الخلية ومع ذلك لازالت قادرة على الأصابة بالمرض) ,…………..is gram positive , …………….is gram negative

Answer 17

1/protoplast
2/spheroplast

Question 18

The only group of bacteria ,that has no cell wall is …………..ولهذا السبب ماعندهه شكل معرف ولكن تقاوم المضادات الحيوية التي تعمل على منع توليف جدار الخليه

Answer 18

Mycoplasma

Question 19

It is the major surface antigen of gram positive bacteria

Answer 19

Teichoic acid

Question 20

…………………(عبارة عن عربانة مال البكتريا الغرام المثبتة)
,plays a key role in growth of the cell wall (peptidoglycan)

Answer 20

Bactoprenol , transfere NAG +NAM

Question 21

NAG +NAM , are ………….together they are a …………..

Answer 21

Amino sugars
Disaccharide

Question 22

Prokaryotic cells has no sterol(cholestrol) in their cytoplasmic membrane , accept ………….

Answer 22

Mycoplasma

Question 23

An enzyme that is also called penicillin binding protein PBP
حيث يلصق سلاسل الأحماض الأمينيه الجانبيه ببعضها البعض
فد انزيم وفي للبكتريا

Answer 23

Transpeptidase

Question 24

…………… bacteria have a periplasmic space
مابين الغشاء البلازمي الثاني وطبقة الببتيدو غليكان من خلفه 🤗

Answer 24

Gram negative

Question 25

The periplasmic space of gram negative bacteria contain

Answer 25

Gel +proteins +enzymes

Question 26

The tetrapeptide side chain is attached to the……………in peptidoglycan unit

Answer 26

Muramic acid (NAMنام) then glucosamine (NAGناگ) in both gram( +&-)

Question 27

Teichoic acid is formed of polymers of

Answer 27

Glycerol or ribitol phosphate

Question 28

Murein(يارو لةناو جوكر بي) lipoprotein is specific to

Answer 28

Peptidoglycan of Gram negative

Question 29

Embedded in the gram-negative outer membrane are ……………., which allow passage of nutrients. Which are also unique to them . دوو سى قاپی دیرن لذا محتاج ساقیین

Answer 29

Porin proteins

Question 30

In gram negative ……………. originates from the peptidoglycan (from tetra side chain)layer and extends outward to bind the unique second outer membrane.

Answer 30

Murein lipoprotein

Question 31

Alcohol and acetone affect which bacteria more?

Answer 31

Gram negative , it partially dissolves LPS layer .

Question 32

Why DPT vaccine cause fever ?

Answer 32

Because of LPS of bordetella pertusis Diphtheria+clostridium tetanus toxoids Acellular pertusis

Question 33

Why gram negative bacteria is Resistant to lysozyme and penicillin attack

Answer 33

Because of LPS protection .

Question 34

Which bacteria can be detected by acid fast stain Mycobacterium or mycoplasma

Answer 34

Mycobacterium because it has lipid rich cell wall

Question 35

Function of teichoic acid

Answer 35

Provide flexibility to the cell wall Attract cations

Question 36

Diseases caused by L-form bacteria is treated with …………..

Answer 36

Tetracycline لأن تؤثر على انتاج البروتين