Task Analysis: Procedural/ Ecological Flashcards
What is task analysis?
Traditionally been defined as the process of identifying components of a skill or movement and then ordering them into a sequence from easy to difficult
What is the purpose of task analysis?
To assist the instructor in:
- Assessing skill
- Writing goals and objective
- Individualize instruction
What are the types of task analysis?
Traditional: Procedural - IP, Underlying abilities/anatomical, Quantitative, Sequential, Developmental New Perspective Ecological task analysis: -Child/person centered -provide choice -multidimensional
What is the procedural task analysis?
Involves breaking down an activity into a series of steps
-provision of an hierarchical sequence
What are the 5 steps of the procedural task analysis?
1) identify the goal
2) identify the criterion for each step
3) correctly construct the individual steps
4) order the steps correctly
5) tailor task analysis to meet individual needs
What are the problems with the traditional approach?
Lack of clear definitions and procedures Lack of research support Absence of the person in the task equation More teacher oriented Assumes there is one best way to move
What is the ETA?
Establish task goal
Provide choice in the completion of the movement form
Identify and manipulate relevant task dimensions and performers variables
Provide direct instruction in skill selection and movement form
How are task goals established?
Provide info and invite performance
Goal of task should dictate focus of participants attention
Only tasks have meaning and purpose
Enjoyable/functional
Useful to the participants and not just randomly selected by the teacher
Why provide choice?
Provide motivation
Develop decision making and self monitoring capabilities
Encourage discovery of the most efficient and effective movement form
Empower
How to manipulate task dimensions
Involves varying dimensions of the task environment or participant characteristics in the motor task
Changing the movement pattern is achieved through the process of discovery (manipulate - observe - compare results)
How to challenge the student
Means of change:
Task/goal conditions w/o changing preferred skill/goal
Preferred skill w/o changing the goal or conditions
What are keys to the effective use of each type of challenge?
Timing
Come at peak of movement, before student becomes bored
How should instructions, observation and recording be done?
Instruction - after the steps of choice and manipulation
Observing - task performance includes comparing movement pattern changes with the outcomes
Recording - Important for documentation
1) verify achievement
2) provide info for those who maybe instructing in the future
