Service Delivery for Educating Individuals with Developmental Disabilities

Question 1

What are the models of service delivery for infants and toddlers?

Answer 1

Home-based models
Center-based models
Home-center program

Question 2

What is the home based model?

Answer 2

Professionals work in family home
Contact can be direct or indirect
Convenient
More family involvement
Familiar environment
Cheaper

Question 3

What is the center based model?

Answer 3

central location to receive service
Interaction can be direct or indirect
services based on child age, needs of family and the resources offered
Runs on a calendar

Question 4

What is the home-center program?

Answer 4

Combination of the home and center models

availability is a key issue

Question 5

What are service delivery models for school aged children?

Answer 5

Itinerant model/Inclusion
Three general placements
-General education classroom
-Resource room
-Separate special education classroom

Question 6

What is the itinerant/inclusion model?

Answer 6

children with disability receive instruction in general education settings from either a regular or special education teacher, combine direct and collaborative- consultative

Question 7

What is the general education classroom?

Answer 7

Mild disability

Outside GEC for 21% of school day

Question 8

What is the resource room?

Answer 8

outside GEC for 21-60% of the school day

Question 9

What is a separate special education classroom?

Answer 9

Severe disability
outside GEC for 61-100% of the school day
Behavioral disability where environment is not fluid

Question 10

What happened in the early years that limited access to education?

Answer 10

No special institutions, if PWD were allowed in the classroom they were not allowed to disturb the class

Question 11

How did special school and special classes come into existance?

Answer 11

Mothers of kids with disabilities found nothing is satisfactory
Unique teaching environment
Don’t resemble what others were taught

Question 12

What is the federal intervention: IDEA?

Answer 12

Special schools were not good enough
They wanted free and appropriate regular education settings
Sparked by unsatisfied parents

Question 13

The is the inclusive movement?

Answer 13

mainstreaming was the first concept associated with the education of children with a disability in the same class as their peers without a disability
-Result of normalization

Question 14

What are proponents of mainstreaming?

Answer 14

Maintenance of special education services while trying to implement regular education

Question 15

What are problems with the concept of mainstreaming?

Answer 15

Only for individuals with mild disabilities

One child at a time

Question 16

What happened when proponents disagreed with the original theory of mainstreaming?

Answer 16

They argued for all children to be integrated into regular classrooms
Created the Least Restrictive Environment and Cascade of Services

Question 17

What is the LRE?

Answer 17

A cascade of services

• legitimizes placement/separation
• removes choice
• based on readiness model

Question 18

What is the COS?

Answer 18

Cascade of supports

• focus on means of support/assistance
• allows for more interaction

Question 19

What is an inclusive environment?

Answer 19

offer all individuals tasks that are equally interesting, equally important and equally engaging. It is made up of the physical space and equipment , the social-emotional atmosphere and the teaching strategies that are used

Question 20

What are characterisitcs of an inclusive instructional program?

Answer 20

1) provides increased levels of decision making
2) provides increased levels of social interaction
3) non-stereotypical. not just for one population
4) emphasizing personal meaning
5) increase self-esteem
6) distinct emphasis on collaborative relationships

Question 21

What are the three distinct philosophies supporting the notion of inclusion?

Answer 21

Adapt the curriculum
-meet individuals needs of learner
Integrate personnel and resources
-all about support that was provided in segregated settings in regular classroom settings
Utilize natural proportions
-typical distribution of people within student body should be reflected in classrooms

Question 22

What are the values associated with an inclusive environment?

Answer 22

1) uniqueness -everyone has special qualities
2) empowerment - believing in self
3) belonging -feeling part of the whole
4) security - knowing rules are enforced fairly
5) purpose - setting realistic goals and feeling challenged

Question 23

What are the three types of inclusion?

Answer 23

Physical inclusion
-Assignment of all student to general phys.ed
Instructional inclusion
-involvement in learning activities in general classroom
Social inclusion
-positive personal interactions with classmates that contribute to feeling accepted and liking each other
-building relationships

Question 24

What is blocks perspective?

-Given multitude of supports that are available, what is the best method for facilitating inclusion?

Answer 24

Peer tutor
Teacher assistant (disability focused)
APE specialist

Question 25

What is the most critical feature of inclusion?

Answer 25

subjective interpretation

child’s interpretation

Question 26

What are the three themes in spencer-cavaliere?

Answer 26

gaining entry to play
friends
feeling like a legitimate player

Question 27

What are the implications of inclusion?

Answer 27

Everyone is included, there are benefits
Starting point for regular instruction
Supports the merger of regular ed and special ed since it recognized that students must continue to receive support services
Inclusion accepts the facts that some students may be outside the classroom if required by their individual educational needs
Supplementary services and aides assist successful inclusion

Question 28

What are strategies for inclusion?

Answer 28

Understand extent of disability and limitations
Incorporate decision making
Level playing field
Peer-tutoring
Multi-disciplinary approach
Needs inventory
Learning environment for everyone
Routine in conducting classroom activity