Task A Human Behavior and Effective Communication

Question 1

Define Human Behavior

Answer 1

An attempt to explain how and why humans function the way they do. It is defined as the result of attempts to satisfy certain needs. They can be simple needs or complex.

Question 2

Human needs and motivation:

Answer 2

To achieve one’s goal these needs need to be satisfied to encourage learning once one need is satisfied humans work to satisfy the next level. Abe Maslow studied Human needs, motivation and personality.

Question 3

Human needs and motivation: Physiological

Answer 3

Food, Shelter. Flight

* Flight Student: Not sick, tired or hungry

Question 4

Human needs and motivation: Security

Answer 4

All humans have a need to feel safe

* As a CFI: Stress Safety

Question 5

Human needs and motivation: Belonging

Answer 5

Love, affection, sense of belonging

* Instructors should help students feel as ease and reinforce goals.

Question 6

Human needs and motivation: Esteem

Answer 6

Feel good about self

* Students: Need self respect and from others. High self esteem results in self confidence and achievement

Question 7

Human needs and motivation: Cognitive

Answer 7

Understand what is going on around yourself

* Students: Need be able to control/choose what steps to take next when confronted with a situation.

Question 8

Human needs and motivation: Aesthetic

Answer 8

Needs connected with emotions.

* Student: When they like something or someone

Question 9

Human needs and motivation: Self Actualization

Answer 9

Be and do what you were born to do.

* Instructor: Helps student achieve their potential, offer challenges and rewards.

Question 10

Maslow’s Hierarchy (PS BECAS)

Answer 10

Physiological: Food, Shelter.
Security: All humans have a need to feel safe
Belonging: Love, affection, sense of belonging
Esteem: Feel good about self
Cognitive: Understand what is going on around yourself
Aesthetic: Needs connected with emotions.
Self Actualization: Be and do what you were born to do.

Question 11

Defense Mechanisms: (CPR DR FAR)

Answer 11

Subconscious ego-protecting reactions to unpleasant situations. 
Compensation
Projection
Repression
Denial
Rationalization
Fantasy
Anger/Displacement
Reaction Formation

Question 12

Defense Mechanisms: Compensation

Answer 12

Emphasis strengths oppress weak areas.

* Example: Poor performance on lazy 8’s but compensates by emphasizing good landing in tricky conditions.

Question 13

Defense Mechanisms: Projection

Answer 13

Pass blame to someone or something else.

* Example: Student slams aircraft onto the ground while landing blames the instructor for never teaching to flare.

Question 14

Defense Mechanisms: Repression

Answer 14

Place uncomfortable/Painful thoughts aside (consciously)

* Example: Student was doing stalls and accidentally got into a spin and doesn’t want to deal with it.

Question 15

Defense Mechanisms: Denial

Answer 15

Refusal to accept reality because it’s too painful.

* Example: Steep turns were not to PTS but student argues that they in fact were.

Question 16

Defense Mechanisms: Rationalization

Answer 16

Justification of otherwise unacceptable actions.
* Example: Student busts restricted airspace but feels its ok because they had not learned about restricted airspace areas.

Question 17

Defense Mechanisms: Fantasy

Answer 17

Day dreaming about how things should be.
* Example: Student is looking at the beach during maneuvers thinking about what student could be doing instead of flying the airplane.

Question 18

Defense Mechanisms: Anger/Displacement

Answer 18

Shift of emotion from original to less threatening substitute.
* Example: Mad at instructor but can’t yell at the instructor so you go home and yell at the dog because the dog cannot yell back.

Question 19

Defense Mechanisms: Reaction Formation

Answer 19

Faking a belief opposite of True beliefs because the true belief causes anxiety.
* Example: Student scared of stalls , but is enthusiastic about them to peers to cover up fears.

Question 20

Student Emotional Reactions: 3 kinds: (ANA)

Answer 20

Anxiety
Normal Reaction
Abnormal Reactions

Question 21

Basic Elements of Communication: 3 Elements (SSR)

Answer 21

Source
Symbol
Receiver

Question 22

Basic Elements of Communication: Source

Answer 22

Speaker/Instructor

Question 23

Basic Elements of Communication: Symbol

Answer 23

Words or Signs

Question 24

Basic Elements of Communication: Receiver

Answer 24

Listener/Student

Question 25

Barriers to Effective Communication: 4 Barriers(COIL)

Answer 25

Lack of Common Experience
Overuse of Abstractions
Confusion between the Symbol and the Symbolized
Interference

Question 26

Barriers to Effective Communication: Overuse of Abstractions

Answer 26

Using words that are general.
Example: 
Take some power out
Pitch up a little bit
Add some bank

Question 27

Barriers to Effective Communication: Confusion between the Symbol and the Symbolized

Answer 27

Example: When talking about stalls in an airplane student might be thinking about Stall in a car.

Question 28

Barriers to Effective Communication: Interference

Answer 28

Example: During demonstration of maneuver ATC interrupts the instructor.

Question 29

Developing Communication Skills:(LIIQR)

Answer 29

Listening
Instructional Communication
Instructional Enhancements
Questioning
Role Play

Question 30

Developing Communication Skills:Listening

Answer 30

Instructors should know something about their students listening to the way a student describes a maneuver. Instructor can better critique maneuver using language student understands.

Question 31

Developing Communication Skills:Instructional Communication

Answer 31

Use past experience to illustrate a point. A student is really good with systems but not airspace, in order to relax student instructor encourages student to talk about systems before talking about airspace.

Question 32

Developing Communication Skills:Instructional Enhancements

Answer 32

The more the instructor knows about a subject, the better the instructor is at relaying the information.

Question 33

Developing Communication Skills:Questioning

Answer 33

Good clear questions can determine how well the student understands what is being taught.
Open ended questions: Explain the landing gear system,
Closed ended questions:What is Vy in the C-172RG?

Question 34

Developing Communication Skills:Role Play

Answer 34

Instructor pretends to be an air traffic controller in an attempt to teach radio communication to a student.

Question 35

Student Emotional Reactions: 3 kinds: Anxiety

Answer 35

Feeling of worry, unease about something that is going to happen.

Question 36

Student Emotional Reactions: 3 kinds: Normal Reaction

Answer 36

Responds rapidly within limits of experience thinks rationally.

Question 37

Student Emotional Reactions: 3 kinds: Abnormal Reactions

Answer 37

Response to anxiety or stress may be completely absent. Response may be random.
* Example of abnormal: Singing or laughing