Task 5 - Experimental Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What trend during the 18th and 19th century lead to psychology becoming more distinct from philosophy?

A

The publishing of many psychological textbooks

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2
Q

What distinction did Wolff make in ca. 1730?

A

Rational vs Empirical Psychology

  • > Rational: Science of the nature of the human soul; soul & mind-body problem
  • > Empirical: Study of what actually happens in the human soul; about the ability to know, desire; based on experiences
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3
Q

What did Bain explain in his 1855 Textbooks “The senses and the intellect” and “The emotions and the will”?

A

Associationism

-> The theory that the mind learns by associating things

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4
Q

Why was Wundt’s psychological laboratory so important (besides the obvious reasons)?

A

Because before this point, there were only textbooks and courses at universities, but no real field of study when it comes to psychology.

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5
Q

Which term is heavily influenced by Gustav Fechner?

A

Psychophysics

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6
Q

What was Ribot’s opinion on introspection?

A

He said it could be scientific

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7
Q

What is a central view of Gestalt psychologists?

A

The human mind is more than the sum of its parts.

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8
Q

In America, the _____ approach was more prominent.

A

Functionalist

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9
Q

When did Behaviorism start to rise?

A

1920s

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10
Q

What happened in 1896, which had an important impact on psychology as a profession?

A

Witmer opened the first psychological clinic for diagnostic and treatment purposes of mentally ill.

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11
Q

Relate Freud to introspection

A

Introspection was his main method of inquiry

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12
Q

Who were important proponents of introspection?

A
  • Wundt
  • Freud
  • Ribot
  • Titchener
  • Mill
  • Spencer
  • James
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13
Q

Who was against introspection?

A

Compte

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14
Q

How did experimentalism effect mentally ill patients?

A

The study of individual differences lead to a development of treatment for mentally impaired.

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15
Q

What were zeitgeist aspects at the beginning of the 20th century, that lead to psychology becoming more distinct?

A
  • Individualization
  • After WWI, there was an abundance of patients and test subjects for brain lesion studies
  • Decrease of importance of religion
  • Governmentalization (Psychology as part of public health issues)
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