Task 3- Intelligence Flashcards
what is intelligence?
a hypothetical concept used/created to explain a phenomenon believed to exist but cannot be directly observed or measured
what is general intelligence?
a notion that intelligence was a general ability that showed itself in different ways, depending on the environment- first discussed by Sir Francis Galton
who was Charles Spearman?
an English psychologist who found the positive correlation between scores on different intellectual tasks
who was Alfred Binet?
a French psychologist who developed the first test to objectively measure average levels of intellectual performance and correlated them with other educational outcomes
who was William Stern?
a psych to develop the first intelligence quotient (IQ) by binding mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100
who was David Wechsler?
a psych who considered that intelligence tests should relate to behaviour in real-life situations- he developed many tests for adults and children with sub-tests (ie vocabulary, arithmetic, object assembly, etc)
who was Howard Gardner?
a psych who proposed we each have 7 intelligences instead of one general intelligence
what were the 7 intelligences proposed by Gardner?
linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, bodily-kinetic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic and existential
what is emotional intelligence?
the ability to monitor one’s own and others feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions
what is individual intelligence testing?
used for clinical purposes- should be administered the same way amongst individuals
what is group intelligence testing?
to screen or gather group information about a group in a short time- instructions are typically written; usually, done via pen and paper with time limitations (which can impact performance
