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IELTS > task 1 trends and task 1 comparing figures > Flashcards

task 1 trends and task 1 comparing figures Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first thing to do before writing?

A

CHECK TENSE
If time period started and ended in the past: Past simple
If time period is up to present: Present perfect
Future: See ways of referring to the future in the spreadsheet

Write the tense in capital letters at the bottom

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2
Q

What is the second thing to do before writing?

A

Many variables? (→more general, less detail, combine similar trends)
Few variables? (→more detail→separate trends into phases)

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3
Q

What to do in each paragraph for comparing figures?

A
  • If there are 2 variables, you could have 1 paragraph discussing when variable A is highest, and the other for when variable B is highest.
  • Or 1 paragraph on the highest figures for each variable and 1 on the lowest figures.
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4
Q

What to do in each paragraph for trends?

A

Paragraphing

Choose whether it’s appropriate to use other paragraphs:

  1. Past to future:
    - 1 paragraph on past to present
    - 1 paragraph on future
  2. Few variables → lots of detail
    - 1 paragraph per variable
  3. Multiple charts
    - 1 paragraph per chart
  4. Variables follow just 2 or 3 trends
    - 1 paragraph per trend
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5
Q

What to remember when doing an overview? (4 points)

A
  1. nothing too specific, no figures or exact dates.
  2. relate to the topic of the chart, don’t only use total.
  3. Put it in separate paragraph
  4. use a transition if there is a contrast.
  5. don’t focus too much on the numbers, instead focus on the big picture (more descriptive)
  6. use “, whereas” to separate ideas
  7. ALWAYS start with “it can be seen that”
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6
Q

What to remember in each sentence? (6 things)

A
  1. transition in the beginning of a sentence.
  2. Variable
  3. trend
  4. start and end figures
  5. units
  6. time (only include when breaking into smaller phrase) Don’t need the time if it’s the whole period of time or only write it once
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7
Q

What to do when figures are close together?

A

delete the first mention of the unit.

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8
Q

What to do when figures are further apart?

A

delete the second mention of the unit.

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9
Q

What should you do if there are too many variables in trends graphs/tables?

A
  • Combine the variables:
    1. if they have the same trends
    2. not the highest or lowest.
  • Remember to add “s” for plural and after figure/number/amount/etc.
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10
Q

how to avoid repetition?

A
  • vary the way you refer to “now”, the start time and the end time.
  • “the former” and “the latter”
  • Vary your vocab for highest/lowest and for the variable (i.e. don’t keep saying figure in the same place).
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11
Q

What to remember when writing numbers?

A

put in million/billion/trillion/quadrillion in every time if needed.
For thousand, write “XXX,000”

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12
Q

How to write long pattern to refer to the variable?

A

don’t have to use the title. The variable might be the thing/person doing/receiving the verb.

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13
Q

What to do when figures are in exact number?

A

Don’t need to use approximating words

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14
Q

What data to include when there are too much data? (comparing figure)

A
  1. highest&lowest
    -overall
    OR
    -for each variable
  2. exceptions
  3. similar figures
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15
Q

How to order? (comparing figures)

A 
Lots of data:
1. Highest
Exceptions
2. Lowest (for each variable / overall)
Exceptions
3. Other details:
Similar figures
Any other exceptions
Little data:
Highest through to lowest
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16
Q

What are some use of transitions?

A

Both:
Comparison exp. Similarly, Likewise, etc.
Contrast exp. Oppositely, On the other hand, in contrast, conversely etc.

trends only: afterwards, thereafter, subsequently

17
Q

What to remember when describing “the percentage of …” ?

A

USE “smallest/lowest/highest/greatest”

DON’T USE “most/least/fewest”

18
Q

What to do when there is only 1 set of variable?

A

Don’t need “for”

19
Q

If you have separate paragraph, what word should you use in the beginning?

A 
Regarding ...,
With regards to ....,
Concerning ...,
In terms of ...,
As for ...,

+ what the table is talking about

DON’T USE “For the above table”

20
Q

How to refer to the figures in the previous sentence?

A

Use “this figure” or “those figure”

21
Q

how to link sentences when there are 2 part of change for variable?

A
  1. ;
  2. , fanboys
  3. use new sentence pattern
    - …, which be succeeded by an upturn/a downturn of SIZE OF CHANGE by END TIME
    - no change, staying at … until …
    - fluctuation around … until …
22
Q

Sentence pattern 1 for trends

A
  1. (Between … and …,) t/There be an increase/a decrease from (around) … to (roughly) … in the figure for ….
  2. … fluctuation around (roughly) … in the figure for …
  3. … no/little change in the figure for …, it staying at around/roughly …
23
Q

Sentence pattern 2 for trends

A
  1. …‘(s) figure grow/fall, starting at approximately … and ending at about … (from … to …).
  2. ….. hover between approximately … and about … (from … to …).
  3. .. remain constant at approximately/about … (from … to …).
24
Q

Sentence pattern 3 for trends

A
  1. The number/amount of NOUN → VERB (→ PREPOSITION+NOUN) show an upward/downward trend, beginning at upwards of/nearly … (in …) and finishing at just above/below (… in ….)
  2. ….. fluctuation, bottoming out at upwards of/nearly … in … and peaking at just above/below … in ….
  3. .. no/little difference, keeping at upwards of/nearly … (from … to …)
25
Q

Sentence pattern for comparing figures

A
  1. (TRANSITION), … have the (second-, third-, etc.)highest/lowest figure(s) (overall/for …) at (around) … (respectively/apiece).
  2. (TRANSITION,) T/the (second-, third-, etc.) biggest/smallest value(s) (overall/for …) belong to …, whose figure be (approximately) …. (respectively/apiece).
  3. (TRANSITION,) S/standing at (about) … (respectively/apiece), the number(s)/amount(s)/percentage(s) of … be (ORDINAL-) the (second-, third-, etc.)most/fewest/least (overall/for …).
26
Q

approximate words

A
  • approximately,
  • about,
  • around,
  • just OR slightly OR a little + below/above/More than/less than/before/after/under/above
  • nearly/almost (only when the number is under)
  • upwards of
  • roughly
  • close to
27
Q

Synonyms for showed

A

Experienced

underwent

28
Q

How to paraphrase for the first sentence?

A

Name the specific type of graph/chart, and paraphrase shows in present tense

29
Q

When can I used “Apiece” ?

A

only if they have the same number

30
Q

What should I remember when there are 2 variables? (most of the time comparing figures)

A

make sure that I have put them in the right place in the sentence and make sure the sentence make sense.

31
Q

What to do when writing number or amount or percentages?

A

Write it in the long way (describe what exactly is happening)

ex:

IELTS (4 decks)

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