Task 1 - The nervous system Flashcards
Peripheral nervous system
has two parts somatic and visceral PNS
Brain
protected by three membranes - dura mater, arachnoid membrane and pia mater
spinal cord
inside of the bony vertebral column, attached to the brainstem - bring information from the skin, joints and muscles to the brain
Transection of the spinal cord
results in anesthesia - lack of feeling in the skin and paralysis of the muscles, they cant be controlled by the brain
dorsal root (spinal cord)
axons bring information into the spinal cord
ventral root (spinal cord)
axons carry information away from the spinal cord
cerebrum
two cerebral hemispheres: right side controls movement from the left side of the body, and left side from the right side.
Responsable for complex functions
consists of the telencephalon (cerebral cortex, white matter and basal ganglia) and the diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus)
cerebellum
movement control center
brain stem
brings information from the cerebrum to the spinal cord and cerebellum and vice versa. Responsable for vital functions
damage to the brain stem is fatal
Frontal lobe
cognitive functions, reasoning , planning and problem solving, voluntary movement and personality
occipital lobe
visual processing
temporal lobe
auditory procesing
pariental lobe
sensory processing and spatial awareness
Somatic nervous system
the skin, the joints and the muscles that are under voluntary control
somatic motor axons
muscle contraction
somatic sensory axons
the skin, the joints and the muscles - processing sensory information
Afferent nervous system
transporting information from the muscles and glands towards the CNS
Efferent nervous system
transporting information away from the CNS towards the muscles and glands
Visceral nervous system
involuntary, vegetative nervous system - contraction and relaxation of muscles (ex. blood pressure by regulating the heart)
Sympathetic nervous system
body involuntary functions - prepares the body for physical activity and stress (immediate reactions)
Parasympathetic nervous system
involuntary functions - conserves energy and promote activities that occur when the body is at rest (ex. decrease of heart rate) conservation of energy.
ventricular system
lateral, third and fourth ventricle - serve the production and containing CSF
Central nervous system
receives and interprets sensory information - control complex behavior (decisions, creativity and emotions)
how are the CNS and the PNS connected
the CNS is the control center and the PNS nerves extend from the CNS to the rest of the body connecting it to the limbs, organs and external environment
Transmission fo signals (CNS-PNS)
PNS (Receives sensory information) -> CNS interprets stimuli
Integration and processing (CNS-PNS)
the CNS receives the stimuli and responds
Motor response (CNS-PNS)
CNS sends the information trough the PNS nerves
Feedback loop (CNS-PNS)
body adjusts and can react yo changes in the environment e
health literacy
limited capacity to obtain, process and understand the basic health information and services needed to make an informed decision
