Task 1

Question 1

What is the definition of addiction according to the WHO?

Answer 1

repeated use of a psychoactive substance or
substances, to the extent that the user (referred to as an addict)
- is periodically or chronically intoxicated
- shows a compulsion to take the preferred substance(s)
- has great difficulty in voluntarily stopping substance use
- exhibits determination to obtain psychoactive substances

Question 2

In the DSM-IV they made use of two different substance disorders, what are these?

Answer 2

Substance abuse and substance dependence

Question 3

How many criteria needed to be met in the DSM-IV? and DSM-V?

Answer 3

Abuse was diagnosed
when one or more
abuse criteria were
met. (of 4)
Dependence was
diagnosed when
three or more
dependence criteria
were met. (of 7)
Dsm-v:
substance use disorder: 2 or more (of 11)

Question 4

What criteria is dropped and what criteria is added in the DSM-V compared to DSM-IV?

Answer 4

Dropped: legal problems
Added: Craving

Question 5

Non-substance-related disorders:

Answer 5

addictive disorders that do not involve ingestion of a psychoactive substance.
Definition: A repeated behaviour leading to significant harm or distress. The behaviour is not reduced by the person and persist over a significant period of time. The harm or distress is of a functionally imparing nature.

Question 6

There are also 4 exlusion criteria for behavioural addiction:

Answer 6

1. behaviour is better explained by an underlying disorder
2. Functional impairment results from an activity that is the consequence of a willful choice
3. The behaviour can be characterized as not leading to significant functional impairment or distress.
4. behaviour is a result of a coping strategy.

Question 7

What are the meassures within the DSM-V for substance use disoorder? (severity)

Answer 7

MIld: 2-3 criteria
Moderate: 4-5 critera
Severe: 6 or more criteria