Tajweed cards for gr. 9 2023 Flashcards
Major and Minor Errors
What are they in called in Arabic?
Major Error: Lahn-e-jalee
Minor Error: Lahn-e-khafi
Major and Minor Errors
How much major errors are there?
What are they?
Q1: 5
Q2:
1. To recite one letter in place of another
2. To add a letter to a word
3. To delete a letter from a word
4. To recite one harakah in place of another
5. To recite a harakah in place of a sukoon
Making any of these is a major sin (haram) and is compulsory to refrain.
Major and Minor Errors
What are minor errors?
Those mistakes a person makes when they do not recite with any of the rules which show the beauty of the Qur’aan
Making any of these is a minor sin (makrooh) and is necessary to refrain
When will Laam be read mufakh’kham?
When in the word Allah, a letter with a Fat’hah or Dhammah appears before the two laams
When will Laam be read Muraqqaq?
When in the word Allah, a letter with a Kasrah appears before the two laams
Mufakh’kham or Muraqqaq?
بَلِ اللهَ
نَرَي اللهَ
- Empty mouth (Muraqqaq)
- Full mouth (Mufakh’kham)
How many rules does Meem Sakin have? What are they?
- Idghaam
- Ikhfaa
- Izh’haar
Define Idgham
When a meem appears after a meem sakin, Idghaam with ghunnah will take place.
This is known as Idghaam-e-Shafawi
Define Ikhfaa
When the letter Baa appears after a Meem Sakin, Ikhfaa wil take place.
This is known as Ikhfaa-e-Shafawi
Define Izh’haar
When any letter other than Meem and Baa appears after a Meem sakin, Izh‘haar will take place.
This is known as Izh’haar-e-Shafawi
What is the duration of Ghunnah?
1 alif
Ghunnah is a full nasal sound.
Appears when a Tashdeed is on a Meem or Noon.
What is Sifaat?
Sifaat is the qualities with which a letter is pronounced
What are the two types of Sifaat?
Laazimah
Aaridhah
What is Laazimah?
It is the qualitiy which is found in the letter.
What is Aaridah
The quality which is found due to circumstances.
What are the two types of Laazimah?
Zhaatiyah (the quality which has to do with the pronouncing of the letter itself)
Mahalliyah (the quality which describes the Makhraj of a letter)
What are the two types of Zhaatiyah?
Mutadhaaddah (are those two qualities which are opposite to each other)
Ghair Mutadhaaddah (are those two qualities which have no opposites)
How many types of Mutadhaaddah? What are they?
- Hams
- Jahr
- Shiddat
- Rikhwat
- Isti’la
- Istifaal
- Itbaaq
- Infitaah
- Izhlaaq
- Ismaat
What are the groupings/opposites in Sifaat?
- Hams and Jahr
- Shiddat, Rikhwat and Tawassut
- Isti’la and Istifaal
- Itbaaq and Infitaah
- Izhlaaq and Ismaat
What is Hams and Jahr? What are the letters involved?
Hams: When pronounced, the voice of the letters ends off low in the Makhraj, that the breath with remain flowing.
Letters for Hams:
ص ث ف ه خ ش س ت ك ح
Jahr: Voice, high, breath stop flowing
What is Shiddat and Rikhwat? What are the letters involved?
Shiddat: When pronounced, the voice of the letter will be hard and will end off in Makhraj.
Letters for Shiddat:
ق ج ب ا ت د ك ط
Rikhwat: Voice, soft, remain flowing in Makhraj.
What is Tawassut? What are the letters involved?
Tawassut is the voice of the letter pronounced will be between the quality of Shiddat and Rikhwat.
The five letters are:ل ر م ع ن
What is Isti’la and Istifaal? What are the letters involved?
Isti’la: When pronounced, the major portion of the tongue from the back will rise toward the palate.
The letters of Isti’la are:
غ ط ض ص خ ظ ق
Istifaal: When pronounced, the portion of the tongue will not rise toward the palate.
What is Itbaaq and Infitaah? What are the letters?
Itbaaq: When pronounced, the centre of the tongue will meet and embrace the palate.
The letters are: ط ظ ض ص
Infitaah: wont meet and embrace the palate.
