TAFSIR Flashcards
WHAT IS TAFSIR?
CLARIFICATION AND EXPLANATION.
FASAR AND AL-QAMUS MEANS?
MAKE CLEAR AND UNCOVER.
ASFARA AS-SUBH?
THE DAWN HAS BECOME BRIGHTER WHEN MORNING GROWS LIGHT.
DEFINE TAFSIR IN ISLAMIC WAY?
EXPOUNDING THE WORD OF ALLAH
OR
THE BRANCH OF KNOWLEDGE THROUGH WHICH THE BOOK OF ALLAH IS UNDERSTOOD, ITS MEANING IS EXPLAINED, RULINGS ARE DERIVED, AND LESSONS ARE LEARNED.
OTHER NAME OF TAFSIR?
TAWEEL {INTERPRTATION]
TAKEN FROM ROOT WORD AWL
MEANS REVIEWING.
FOUNDATIONS OF TAFSIR?
- THE QURAN
- THE SUNAAH
- REPORTS OF SAHABAS
- ARABIC LANGUAGE, GRAMMER {NAHW}, MORPHOLOGY{SARF}
- RHETORIC {ILIM AL BYAN}
- PRINCIPLES OF ISLAM {JURISPRUDENECE}USAL AL FIAQ
- MODES OF RECITATION {QIRAAT}
- REASON FOR REVELATION{ASBAB -US-NSUL}
- THAT WHICH REPEAL OR ABROGATES
DEVELOPMENT OF TAFSIR?
- BY QURAN
- BY PROPHET PUBH
- BY SAHABAS
- BY TABAIEEN
- BY THE SCHOLARS
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BOOKS OF TAFSIR ?
- JAMI AL-BAYAN FI TAWEEL AL-QURAN
BY AUTHOR: THE SHAYKH OF THE MUFASSIREEN ABU JAFAR MUHAMMAD IBN JAREER AT-TABARI.
DIED: 310AH
SECOND BOOK OF TAFSIR ?
2.TAFSIR AL-QURAN AL-AZEEM.
AUTHOR: IMAD AD-DEEN ABI’FIDA LSMAIL IBN UMAR IBN KATHEER.
DIED: 774AH
3 BOOK OF TAFSIR?
MA’ALIM AT -TANZEEL(TAFSIR-AL BAGHAWI
AUTHOR : AL-BAGHAWI
4TH BOOK OF TAFSIR?
AL-JAMI’LIAHKAM AL QURAN
AUTHOR:MUHAMMAD IBN AHMAD IBN ABI BAKR IBN FARAH AL QURTUBI
DIED 671AH
5TH BOOK?
AD-DURR AL-MANTHUR FI’T -TAFSIR BI L-MATHUR
AUTHOR :JALA AD-DEEN IBN ABI BAKR IBN MUHAMMAD AS-SUYUTI
DEID 911AH
6TH BOOK?
FATH AL -QADEER
AUTHOR: MUHHAMMAD IBN ALI IBN MUHAMMAD IBN ABDLIAH ASH-SHAWAKANI
DIED 1250AH
HE USED THE LINGUISTIC POINT OF VIEW BASED ON SOUND ARABIC LANGUAGE
BOOKS TO AVOID?
1,AL-KASHF WA’L -BAYAN’AN TAFSIR AL QURAN
AUTHOR: ABU ISHAQ AHMAD IBN MUHAMMAD IBN IBRAHIM ATH’LABI
D.427AH
PROBLEM IS JEWISH SOURCES, FABRICATED HADITS.
2.RUH AL-MAMNI FI TAFSIR AL-QURAN AL -AZEEM WA’SSAB’AL-MATHANI
AUTHOR: ABU’TH-THANA’SHIAB AD-DEEN AS-SAYYID MAHMOUD AFANDI AL-ALUSI
D.1270AH
PROBLEM: SUFI SYMBOLISM
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METHODOLOGIES OF TAFSIR
- TAFSIR BASED ON REPORTS
2 TAFSIR BASED ON SCHOLARLY OPNION
TAFSIR BASED ON REPORTS
MEANING OF VERSE FROM THE PROPHET PUBH OR SAHABAH AND TABINEEN,WHICH QUOTES WITHOUT ADDING ANYTHING TO IT
TAFSIR BASED ON REPORTS DIVED INTO 4 CATEGORIES
1 TAFSIR OF THE QURAN BY QURAN
2 TAFSIR OF THE QURAN BY THE SUNNAH
3 TAFSIR OF THE SAHABAH RA
4 TAFSIR OF THE TABIEEN
BOOKS MOST FAMOUS BASED ON THE REPORTS
1 JAMMI AL BAYAN FI TAWEEL AL QURAN BY IBN JAREER AT TABARI
2 MA ALIM AT TANZEEL AZEEM BY IBN KATHEER
3 TAFSIR AL QURAN AL AZEEM BY IBN KATHEER
4 AD DURRAL MANTHUR FIT TAFSIR BIL MATHUR BY AS SUYUTI
IT IS HARAAM TO COMMENT ON QURAN BASED ON PERSONAL OPNIN FOR ONE WHO DOES NOT MEET THE CONDITIONS MENTION ABOVE
TRUE
TAFSIR BASED ON REPORTS
BASED ON THE OWN UNDERSTANDING AN ON THE BASIS OF CONCLUSIONS FOUNDED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF SHARIA AND THE ARABIC LANGUAGE
TYES OF TAFSIR BASED ON OPNION
1 BLAMEWORTHY OPINION
2 PRAISE WORTHY OPINION
PRAISEWORTHY OPINION
BASE ON ACADEMIC FOUNDATIONS, NAMELY KNOWLEDGE OF THE ARABIC LANGUAGE OF ISLAMIC TEACHINGS, AND IS IN ACCORDANCE WITH CLEAR AND PRECISE GUIDELINES.
BLAMEWORTHY OPINION
WHERE THE ONLY MOTIVE IS TO PURSUE WHIMS AND DESIRE OR THE FACT THAT THE ONE GIVING SUCH COMMENTARY HAS NO KNOWLEDGE AND NO UNDERSTANDING.
TAFSIR BY MATHUR(REPORTS) RELIES ON
- DISTANCING ONESELF FROM FIRST-HAND EXTRAPOLATION AND PRODUCTION OF UNDERSTANDING AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE
2 RELYING ON THE SAYINGS OF THE PROPHET PUBH AND THE SALAF
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DIFFERENT NAMES OF SURAH AL- FATHIHA
1.AL- HAMD(PRAISE)
2. AS-SAB AL-MATHANI(SEVEN OF THE OFTEN REPEATED VERSES)
3. UMM AL KITAB(THE ESSENCE OF THE BOOK)
4** UMM AL-QURAN**(THE ESSENCE OF THE QURAN)
5 AL- FATIHAH (THE OPENING)
IMPORTANT LESSEONS FROM SURAH AL FATIHA
- IT AFFIRMS 2 OF THENAMES OF ALLAH AND HIGHLIGHTS THE FACT THAT HIS LORDSHIP(RUBBIYAH)IS BASED ON HIS VAST MERCY
- IT AFFIRMS THAT ALL SOVEREIGNTY WILL BELONG TO ALLAH ON THE DAY OF RESURRECTION
3 IT EXHORTS PPL BY REMINDING THEM OF **THE DAY OF RESURRECTION SO THAT THEY WILL STRIVE **TO DO THAT WHICH WILL SAVE THEM ON THAT DAY
SURAT AL FATIHAH IS A MAKKI SURAH(REVEALED B4 THE HIJIRAH)
TRUE
AR-RAHMAAN
THE ENTIRELY MERCIFUL
OR
POSESSOR OF VAST MERCY,IN OTHER WORDS,THE ONE WHOSE MERCY REACHES THE UTMOST LIMIT.
AR-RAHEEM
THE ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL
OR
POSSESSOR OF MERCY THAT REACHES PPL.WHAT THIS REFERS TO IS THE WAY IN WHICH HE DEALS WITH HIS CREATIONS.
THE RABB(LORD)
THE ONE WHO POSSESSE 3 ATTRIBUTES
THE POWER OF CREATION
SOVEREIGNTY
CONTROL
AALAMIN
PLURAL OF AALAM WHICH REFER TO EVERYTHING THAT EXIST BESIDES ALLAH/NO SINGULAR EXISTS
DEEN
LAW AND RELIGION
IF ONLY ONE OF THE TWO IS MENTIONED,THAN IT INCLUDES THE OTHER(RHAMAN AND RAHEEM)
TRUE
THE SOVEREIGNTY OF ALL CREATURES WILL VANISH ON THE DAY OF JUDGEMENT,AND ALLAH ALONE WILL HAVE ALL SOVEREIGNTY
TRUE
IT WAS NARRATED THAT ABU UMMAN SAID :THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH PBUH SAID: EHOEVER RECITES AYAT AL KURI FOLLOWING EVERY OBLIGATORY PRAYER,NOTHING WILL STAND BTW HIM AND ENTERRING PARADISE EXCEPT HIS DEATH.NARRATED BY AN BASAI IN AMAL AL YAWN WAL LAYAH
TRUE
ALLAH IS AL-MA;LUH
ONE WHO IS WORSHIPPED ON THE BASIS OF LOVE AND VENERATION.
THE EVER-LIVING (AL-HAYY)
ONE WHO HAS PERFECT LIFE,WHICH IMPLIES ALL ATTRIBUTES OF HIS ESSENCE SUCH AS HEARING,SIGHT,KNOWLEDGE,POWER,AND SO ON.
THE SUSTAINER OF ALL EXISTENCE (AL-QAYYUM)
ONE WHO IS SELF-SUSTANING AND ALL OTHERS ARE SUSTAINED BY HIM.
SHAFA’AH/LINGUISTIC TERM
INTERCESSION=REFER TO MAKING THAT WHICH IS ODD NUMBER(WITR)EVEN(SHAF’)
SHAFA’AH/ISLAMIC TERM
TO MEDIATE FOR SOMEONE ELSE IN ORDER TO BRING HIM SOME BENEFIT OR WARD OFF SOME HARM FROM HIM.
THE KURSI IS THE PLACE FOR THE FEET AND NO ONE COULD GIVE THE THRONE IS TRUE ESTIMATE
TRUE
the verse of ayat al kursi contain how many names of divine?
- allah
- al-hayy(the ever living)
- al-qayyum(the sustainer of all existence)
- al-aliy(the most high)
- al-azeem (the most great)
surah al-baqrah is a reward which were never given to any prophet b4 mohd prophet pbuh?
true
the impo of surah al -bhaqarah
- it is essential to affirm that allah is alone is divine and that he alone is to be worshipped
- the knowledege of allah encompasses all things
- they affirm that people will be brought to account
- one of the characteridtics of the believers is that they hear and obey.
main topic of surah al bqarah
- highlighting the vastness of allah dominion and sovereignty
- allah knows what is secret and yet more hidden
- these verse highlight how the believers should be
- they highlight the vastness of allah’s mercy towards the ummah of muhammed pbuh.
