Table 4.1: Common Brain-Imaging Techniques Flashcards
series of x-ray images is taken of brain, and computer analysis produces “slices,” providing a 3D-like reconstruction of each segment
CT
What can CT detect?
lesions, abrasions, areas of infarct, aneurysm
What would be seen on a schizophrenic patient’s CT?
gray-matter reduction, ventricle abnormalities
uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce cross-sectional images
MRI, fMRI
relies on magnetic properties to see images of blood flow in brain as it occurs; avoids exposure to radioactive isotopes
MRI, fMRI
used to exclude neurological disorders in those presenting with mental illness
MRI, fMRI
What can MRI/fMRI detect?
edema, ischemia, infection, neoplasm, trauma, blood flow to functionally active brain regions
Which brain-imaging techniques are “structural” (show gross anatomical details of brain structures)?
CT, MRI/fMRI
Which brain-imaging techniques are “functional” (show some activity of the brain)?
PET, SPECT
radioactive substance is injected, travels to brain, and appears as bright spots on scan
PET
data collected by detectors are relayed to a computer, which produces images of activity and 3D visualization of CNS
PET
What can PET detect?
oxygen utilization, glucose metabolism, blood flow, neurotransmitter-receptor interaction
What would be seen on a schizophrenic patient’s PET?
- decreased metabolic activity in frontal lobes
- dopamine system of dysregulation
- blockade of dopamine receptors with antipsychotic medications
What would be seen on a depressed patient’s PET?
blockade of serotonin transporter receptors with antidepressant medications
What would be seen on an Alzheimer’s disease patient’s PET?
reduction in nicotinic receptor subtype
